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  1. The period of time when the embryo and the endometrium undergo significant morphological alterations to facilitate a successful implantation—known as “window of implantation”—is a critical moment in human repr...

    Authors: Kasun Godakumara, James Ord, Freddy Lättekivi, Keerthie Dissanayake, Janeli Viil, Nageswara Rao Boggavarapu, Omid R Faridani, Kersti Jääger, Agne Velthut-Meikas, Ülle Jaakma, Andres Salumets and Alireza Fazeli

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:115

    Content type: Research

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  2. The immune mechanism was shown to be involved in the development of adenomyosis. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the expression of the immune checkpoints B7-H2, B7-H3, B7-H4 and PD-L2 in adenomyos...

    Authors: Xiaoyan Qin, Wenjing Sun, Chong Wang, Mingjiang Li, Xingbo Zhao, Changzhong Li and Hui Zhang

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:114

    Content type: Research

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  3. Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a common disease in the field of Gynecology. Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) can promote tissue repair and improve function. This study was performed to determine the...

    Authors: Haopeng Xu, Yi Xia, Juan Qin, Jie Xu, Chongyan Li and Yan Wang

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:113

    Content type: Research

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  4. The tumor susceptibility gene 101 (Tsg101), a component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) complex I, is involved in multiple biological processes involving endomembranous structur...

    Authors: Hyunji Byun, Sojung Kwon, Kay-Uwe Wagner, Hyejin Shin and Hyunjung Jade Lim

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:112

    Content type: Research

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  5. Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease that shares some characteristics with malignant tumors and affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Endometrioma refers to endometriosis that appe...

    Authors: Yang Liu, Junyan Ma, Liqi Zhang, Jun Lin and Xiaohua Liu

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:111

    Content type: Research

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  6. Until 2010, the National Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance System (NASS) report, published annually by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), demonstrated almost constantly improving ...

    Authors: Norbert Gleicher, Lyka Mochizuki and David H. Barad

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:110

    Content type: Research

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  7. Morphological features are the most common criteria used to select human embryos for transfer to a receptive uterine cavity. However, such characteristics are not valid for embryos in cellular arrest. Even ane...

    Authors: Ricardo Josué Acuña-González, Mercedes Olvera-Valencia, Jorge Skiold López-Canales, Jair Lozano-Cuenca, Mauricio Osorio-Caballero and Héctor Flores-Herrera

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:109

    Content type: Research

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  8. The mechanism of recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is unclear at present and poor endometrial receptivity may be one of the leading reasons. This study aims to construct a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) n...

    Authors: Jialyu Huang, Ning Song, Leizhen Xia, Lifeng Tian, Jun Tan, Qianqian Chen, Jing Zhu and Qiongfang Wu

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:108

    Content type: Research

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  9. Heat stress (HS) occurs when body heat accumulation exceeds heat dissipation and is associated with swine seasonal infertility. HS contributes to compromised oocyte integrity and reduced embryo development. Au...

    Authors: Benjamin J. Hale, Yunsheng Li, Malavika K. Adur, Aileen F. Keating, Lance H. Baumgard and Jason W. Ross

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:107

    Content type: Research

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  10. Uterine leiomyoma is a benign tumor with unclear pathogenesis and inaccurate treatment. This tumor exhibits altered DNA methylation related to disease progression. DNMT inhibitors as 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-...

    Authors: María Cristina Carbajo-García, Ana Corachán, Marina Segura-Benitez, Javier Monleón, Julia Escrig, Amparo Faus, Antonio Pellicer, Irene Cervelló and Hortensia Ferrero

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:106

    Content type: Research

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  11. It has been previously demonstrated that cholesterol content and cholesterol/phospholipid ratio were significantly higher in asthenozoospermia and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. The majority of published studie...

    Authors: Shuqiang Chen, Ming Wang, Li Li, Jun Wang, Xuhui Ma, Hengde Zhang, Yang Cai, Bin Kang, Jianlei Huang and Bo Li

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:105

    Content type: Research

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  12. Structural and physiological changes in sperm and semen parameters reduce fertility in diabetic patients. Securigera Securidaca (S. Securidaca) seed is a herbal medicine with hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-h...

    Authors: Mohammad Babaei, Shahin Alizadeh-Fanalou, Alireza Nourian, Sahar Yarahmadi, Navid Farahmandian, Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi, Iraj Alipourfard and Elham Bahreini

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:104

    Content type: Research

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  13. Various luteal phase supports (LPSs) have been proven to increase the pregnancy rate in fresh cycles of in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection; however, there is still significant debate re...

    Authors: Hanglin Wu, Songying Zhang, Xiaona Lin, Shasha Wang and Ping Zhou

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:103

    Content type: Review

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  14. Evaluate the effects of vitamin D3 (VD3) on sperm parameters and endocrine markers in infertile men with asthenozoospermia.

    Authors: Leila Maghsoumi-Norouzabad, Ahmad Zare Javid, Anahita Mansoori, Mohammadreza Dadfar and Amirarsalan Serajian

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:102

    Content type: Research

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  15. Human Ectopic Pregnancy (hEP) is the second most common cause of pregnancy-related deaths in the first trimester. Without timely detection, EPs can lead to an increased rate of infertility and an elevated risk...

    Authors: Wen Cai, Liu Yang, Ruiqing Zhang, Yixia Yang, Shuangdi Li and Jiarong Zhang

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:101

    Content type: Research

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  16. Preeclampsia (PE) is an idiopathic disease that occurs during pregnancy. It comprises multiple organ and system damage, and can seriously threaten the safety of the mother and infant throughout the perinatal p...

    Authors: Ningxia Sun, Shiting Qin, Lu Zhang and Shiguo Liu

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:100

    Content type: Review

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  17. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol for in vitro fertilization (IVF) often leads to lower pregnancy rates compared to the GnRH agonist protocol. Decreased endometrial receptivity is o...

    Authors: Dan Zhang, Mi Han, Mingjuan Zhou, Mengyu Liu, Yan Li, Bufang Xu and Aijun Zhang

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:99

    Content type: Research

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  18. The KIDScore™ Day 5 (KS-D5) model, version 3, is a general morphokinetic prediction model (Vitrolife, Sweden) for fetal heartbeat prediction after embryo transfer that was developed based on a large data set t...

    Authors: Keiichi Kato, Satoshi Ueno, Jørgen Berntsen, Motoki Ito, Kiyoe Shimazaki, Kazuo Uchiyama and Tadashi Okimura

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:98

    Content type: Research

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  19. Recent years have seen a rising incidence of male infertility, mostly caused by the decline of sperm quality. The ratio of infertile males to infertile females has escalated from 3:7 in 2013 to current 5:5, wh...

    Authors: Kang-Sheng Liu, Xiao-Dong Mao, Feng Pan and Rui Fang An

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:97

    Content type: Research

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  20. Successful human embryo implantation requires the differentiation of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) into decidual cells during a process called decidualization. ESCs express specific markers of decidualizati...

    Authors: Esther Dos Santos, Hadia Moindjie, Valérie Sérazin, Lucie Arnould, Yoann Rodriguez, Khadija Fathallah, Eytan R. Barnea, François Vialard and Marie-Noëlle Dieudonné

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:96

    Content type: Research

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  21. Otogelin-like protein (encoded by Otogl) was highly structural similar to the gelforming mucin proteins. Although human OTOG mutations have been linked to deafness, the biological function of OTOGL in male germ c...

    Authors: Zhiming Li, Yan Zhang, Xinzong Zhang, Congcong Cao, Xiaomin Luo, Yaoting Gui, Yunge Tang and Shuiqiao Yuan

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:95

    Content type: Research

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  22. The male and female prostates are controlled by steroid hormones, suffering important morphological and physiological changes after castration. Prolactin is involved in the regulation of the male prostate, hav...

    Authors: Marianna Zanatelli, Simone Jacovaci Colleta, Luiz Henrique Alves Guerra, Fernanda Cristina Alcântara Santos, Rejane Maira Góes, Patricia Simone Leite Vilamaior and Sebastião Roberto Taboga

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:94

    Content type: Research

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  23. Endometrial thickness (ET) has previously been shown to positively correlate with implantation and clinical pregnancy rates. Pregnancies achieved using in-vitro fertilization (IVF) technique are prone to highe...

    Authors: Gilad Karavani, Heli Alexandroni, Daniel Sheinin, Uri P. Dior, Alex Simon, Assaf Ben-Meir and Benjamin Reubinoff

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:93

    Content type: Research

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  24. The role of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in semen parameters and male infertility is still a controversial area. Previous studies have found bacterial infection in a minority of infertile leukocytosp...

    Authors: Shun Bai, Yuan Li, Yangyang Wan, Tonghang Guo, Qi Jin, Ran Liu, Wenjuan Tang, Meiying Sang, Yuanyuan Tao, Baoguo Xie, Yun Zhao, Wei Li, Xiangdong Xu, Qiuling Yue, Xuechun Hu and Bo Xu

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:92

    Content type: Research

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  25. Several studies suggest that luteinizing hormone (LH) could improve IVF outcome in women of advanced reproductive age by optimizing androgen production. In this review, we assessed the role of recombinant-huma...

    Authors: Alessandro Conforti, Sandro C. Esteves, Peter Humaidan, Salvatore Longobardi, Thomas D’Hooghe, Raoul Orvieto, Alberto Vaiarelli, Danilo Cimadomo, Laura Rienzi, Filippo Maria Ubaldi, Fulvio Zullo and Carlo Alviggi

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:91

    Content type: Review

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  26. This study compared the effectiveness of recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone alfa (r-hFSH-alfa; GONAL-f®) with urinary highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG HP; Menogon HP®), during assist...

    Authors: Klaus F. Bühler, Robert Fischer, Patrice Verpillat, Arthur Allignol, Sandra Guedes, Emmanuelle Boutmy, Wilma Bilger, Emilia Richter and Thomas D’Hooghe

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:90

    Content type: Research

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  29. After fertilization, the fusion of gametes results in the formation of totipotent zygote. During sperm-egg fusion, maternal factors participate in parental chromatin remodeling. H3.3 is a histone H3 variant th...

    Authors: Shi-meng Guo, Xing-ping Liu and Li-quan Zhou

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:87

    Content type: Short communication

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  30. Endometriosis is a chronic hormonal inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Endometriosis often causes infertility, which brings physical and mental pain to...

    Authors: Yixin Wang, Jing Xiu, Tingting Yang, Chune Ren and Zhenhai Yu

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:86

    Content type: Research

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  31. The importance of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in spermatogenesis is crucial and intrinsic factors and extrinsic signals mediate fate decisions of SSCs. Among endogenous regulators, microRNAs (miRNAs) play...

    Authors: Maryam Khanehzad, Seyed Mehdi Nourashrafeddin, Farid Abolhassani, Shokoofeh Kazemzadeh, Soheila Madadi, Elham Shiri, Parastoo Khanlari, Zahra Khosravizadeh and Azim Hedayatpour

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:85

    Content type: Research

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  32. Uterine adenomyosis is a benign disease, common among women in their 40 and 50 s, characterised by ectopic endometrial tissue in the uterine myometrial layer. Adenomyosis causes infertility and has a negative ...

    Authors: Takuya Iwasawa, Toshifumi Takahashi, Eri Maeda, Koichi Ishiyama, Satoshi Takahashi, Ryota Suganuma, Koki Matsuo, Masahito Tachibana, Rie Fukuhara, Hiromitsu Shirasawa, Wataru Sato, Yukiyo Kumazawa and Yukihiro Terada

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:84

    Content type: Research

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  33. Lysophosphatidic acid-supplemented culture medium significantly increases the oocyte maturation rate in vitro. However, potential targets and pathways involved remain unknown.

    Authors: Qigui Xie, Yaxin Xing, Jianhong Zhou, Ling Wang, Jie Wu and Ri-Cheng Chian

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:83

    Content type: Research

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  34. Recent studies have revealed that women with infertility have a higher risk of thyroid cancer (TC) than fertile women. However, studies on whether a history of thyroid cancer affects clinical outcomes in women...

    Authors: Ning Huang, Lin Zeng, Jie Yan, Hongbin Chi and Jie Qiao

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:82

    Content type: Research

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  35. Let-7a is a small non-coding RNA that has been found to take part in cell proliferation and apoptosis. The hippo-YAP1 axis, known as a tumour suppressor pathway, also plays an important role in cell proliferat...

    Authors: Jun-Hua Huang, Hua Duan, Sha Wang, Yi-Yi Wang and Cheng-Xiao LV

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:81

    Content type: Research

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  36. Ovarian reserve reflects the quality and quantity of available oocytes and has become an indispensable measure for the better understanding of reproductive potential. Proteomic approaches are especially helpfu...

    Authors: Sanglin Li, Lina Hu and Chanyu Zhang

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:80

    Content type: Research

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  37. The aim of this study was to investigate characteristics associated with ectopic pregnancy (EP) that could be utilized for predicting morbidity or mortality.

    Authors: Ammar Al Naimi, Pablo Moore, Dörthe Brüggmann, Lisa Krysa, Frank Louwen and Franz Bahlmann

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:79

    Content type: Research

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  38. Traditionally, final follicular maturation is triggered by a single bolus of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). This acts as a surrogate to the naturally occurring luteinizing hormone (LH) surge to induce lut...

    Authors: Kai-Lun Hu, Siwen Wang, Xiaohang Ye, Dan Zhang and Sarah Hunt

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:78

    Content type: Review

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  39. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) causes anovulation and is associated with a reduced clinical pregnancy rate. Metformin, which is widely used for treating PCOS, can lead to successful pregnancy by restoring th...

    Authors: Miki Ohara, Hiromi Yoshida-Komiya, Miho Ono-Okutsu, Akiko Yamaguchi-Ito, Toshifumi Takahashi and Keiya Fujimori

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:77

    Content type: Research

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  40. The majority of available studies on the AMH thresholds were not age-specific and performed the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, based on variations in sensitivity and specificity rather...

    Authors: Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani, Maryam Rahmati, Fatemeh Mahboobifard, Faezeh Firouzi, Nazanin Hashemi and Fereidoun Azizi

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:76

    Content type: Research

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  41. Increasing evidence supports a relationship between obesity and either infertility or subfertility in women. Most previous omics studies were focused on determining if the serum and follicular fluid expression...

    Authors: Chenchen Si, Nan Wang, Mingjie Wang, Yue Liu, Zhihong Niu and Zhide Ding

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:75

    Content type: Research

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  42. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and metabolic disorder with various manifestations and complex etiology. Follicular fluid (FF) serves as the complex microenvironment for follicular development...

    Authors: Li Yu, Miao Liu, Zhenxin Wang, Te Liu, Suying Liu, Beili Wang, Baishen Pan, Xi Dong and Wei Guo

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:74

    Content type: Research

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  43. Low endometrial receptivity is one of the major factors affecting successful implantation in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Infertile patients with thin endometrium have a significantly lower cumula...

    Authors: Marina M. Ziganshina, Nataliya V. Dolgushina, Galina V. Kulikova, Nafisa M. Fayzullina, Ekaterina L. Yarotskaya, Nailia R. Khasbiullina, Nigora F. Abdurakhmanova, Aleksandra V. Asaturova, Alexander I. Shchegolev, Alina A. Dovgan and Gennady T. Sukhikh

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:73

    Content type: Research

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  44. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that modulate post-transcriptional gene regulation. They are often used as promising non-invasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cancer. However, their roles i...

    Authors: Haroon Latif Khan, Shahzad Bhatti, Sana Abbas, Celal Kaloglu, Ahmed M. Isa, Hooria Younas, Rachel Ziders, Yousaf Latif Khan, Zahira Hassan, Bilgün Oztürk Turhan, Aysegul Yildiz, Hikmet Hakan Aydin and Ender Yalcinkaya Kalyan

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:72

    Content type: Research

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  45. Proteinuria is one of the common manifestations of patients with preeclampsia (PE), but whether the severity of proteinuria is related to the pregnancy outcome of patients with preeclampsia remains controversi...

    Authors: Tingting Lei, Ting Qiu, Wanyu Liao, Kangjie Li, Xinyue Lai, Hongbo Huang, Rui Yuan and Ling Chen

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:71

    Content type: Research

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  46. Adenomyosis (ADS) is an estrogen-dependent gynecological disease with unspecified etiopathogenesis. Local hyperestrogenism may serve a key role in contributing to the origin of ADS. Talin1 is mostly identified...

    Authors: Yi-yi Wang, Hua Duan, Sha Wang, Yong-jun Quan, Jun-hua Huang and Zheng-chen Guo

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:70

    Content type: Research

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  47. No information exists in the literature regarding the effect of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on subsequent IVF cycle attempt. We therefore aim to assess the influence of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on IVF treatments.

    Authors: Raoul Orvieto, Meirav Noach-Hirsh, Aliza Segev-Zahav, Jigal Haas, Ravit Nahum and Adva Aizer

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:69

    Content type: Research

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  48. Individualization of the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) starting dose is considered standard clinical practice during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in patients undergoing assisted reproductive techn...

    Authors: Human Fatemi, Wilma Bilger, Deborah Denis, Georg Griesinger, Antonio La Marca, Salvatore Longobardi, Mary Mahony, Xiaoyan Yin and Thomas D’Hooghe

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:68

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  49. Uterine myomas are the most frequent benign solid pelvic tumors in women of reproductive age. At present, uterine myomas are the most common indication for hysterectomy because of the morbidity they cause, inc...

    Authors: Maria Simone Oliveira Lima, Benedito Borges da Silva, Menandro Lima de Medeiros, Alesse Ribeiro dos Santos, Emerson Davi do Nascimento Brazil, Walberto Monteiro Neiva Eulálio Filho, Jerusia Oliveira Ibiapina, Antônio Gilberto Albuquerque Brito and Pedro Vitor Lopes Costa

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:67

    Content type: Research

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  50. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: David B. Seifer, William D. Petok, Alisha Agrawal, Tanya L. Glenn, Arielle H. Bayer, Barry R. Witt, Blair D. Burgin and Harry J. Lieman

    Citation: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:66

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 2021 19:28

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