Kefer JC, Agarwal A, Sabanegh E. Role of antioxidants in the treatment of male infertility. Int J Urol. 2009;16(5):449–57.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Azghdy SBH, Vedadhir A, Rashid BH. Psychological impact of infertility among infertile women. Adv Nurs Midwifery. 2014;23(83):1–10.
Kumar N, Singh AK. Trends of male factor infertility, an important cause of infertility: a review of literature. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2015;8(4):191–6.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Krausz C. Male infertility: pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;25(2):271–85.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Andrews K, Grunebaum AN. Composition and method for fertility therapy using nutritional supplements. Google Patents; 2014.
Ko EY, Sabanegh ES Jr, Agarwal A. Male infertility testing: reactive oxygen species and antioxidant capacity. Fertil Steril. 2014;102(6):1518–27.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Atig F, Raffa M, Habib B-A, Kerkeni A, Saad A, Ajina M. Impact of seminal trace element and glutathione levels on semen quality of Tunisian infertile men. BMC Urol. 2012;12(1):6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rosen CJ. Clinical practice. Vitamin D insufficiency. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(3):248–54.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Blomberg JM. Vitamin D and male reproduction. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014;10(3):175–86.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Kwiecinski GG, Petrie GI, DeLuca HF. Vitamin D is necessary for reproductive functions of the male rat. J Nutr. 1989;119(5):741–4.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Audet I, Laforest JP, Martineau GP, Matte JJ. Effect of vitamin supplements on some aspects of performance, vitamin status, and semen quality in boars. J Anim Sci. 2004;82(2):626–33.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sood S, Marya RK, Reghunandanan R, Singh GP, Jaswal TS, Gopinathan K. Effect of vitamin D deficiency on testicular function in the rat. Ann Nutri Metab. 1992;36(4):203–8.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Sood S, Reghunandanan R, Reghunandanan V, Marya RK, Singh PI. Effect of vitamin D repletion on testicular function in vitamin D-deficient rats. Ann Nutri Metab. 1995;39(2):95–8.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Abbasihormozi S, Kouhkan A, Alizadeh AR, Shahverdi AH, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Sadighi Gilani MA, et al. Association of vitamin D status with semen quality and reproductive hormones in Iranian subfertile men. Andrology. 2017;5(1):113–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Blomberg Jensen M, Bjerrum PJ, Jessen TE, Nielsen JE, Joensen UN, Olesen IA, et al. Vitamin D is positively associated with sperm motility and increases intracellular calcium in human spermatozoa. Hum Reprod. 2011;26(6):1307–17.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Blomberg Jensen M. Vitamin D metabolism, sex hormones, and male reproductive function. Reproduction (Cambridge, England). 2012;144(2):135–52.
Yang B, Sun H, Wan Y, Wang H, Qin W, Yang L, et al. Associations between testosterone, bone mineral density, vitamin D and semen quality in fertile and infertile Chinese men. Int J Androl. 2012;35(6):783–92.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Blomberg Jensen M, Gerner Lawaetz J, Andersson AM, Petersen JH, Nordkap L, Bang AK, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and low ionized calcium are linked with semen quality and sex steroid levels in infertile men. Human Reprod (Oxford, England). 2016;31(8):1875–85.
Rehman R, Lalani S, Baig M, Nizami I, Rana Z, Gazzaz ZJ. Association between Vitamin D, Reproductive Hormones and Sperm Parameters in Infertile Male Subjects Front Endocrinol 2018;9:607.
Akhavizadegan H, Karbakhsh M. Comparison of serum vitamin D between fertile and infertile men in a vitamin D deficient endemic area: a case-control study. Urologia. 2017:84(4):218–20.
Tartagni M, Matteo M, Baldini D, Tartagni MV, Alrasheed H, De Salvia MA, et al. Males with low serum levels of vitamin D have lower pregnancy rates when ovulation induction and timed intercourse are used as a treatment for infertile couples: results from a pilot study. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015;13:127-.
Hammoud AO, Meikle AW, Peterson CM, Stanford J, Gibson M, Carrell DT. Association of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels with semen and hormonal parameters. Asian J Androl. 2012;14(6):855–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Blomberg Jensen M, Bjerrum PJ, Jessen TE, Nielsen JE, Joensen UN, Olesen IA, et al. Vitamin D is positively associated with sperm motility and increases intracellular calcium in human spermatozoa. Human Reprod (Oxford, England). 2011;26(6):1307–17.
Deng XL, Li YM, Yang XY, Huang JR, Guo SL, Song LM. [Efficacy and safety of vitamin D in the treatment of idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia] Zhonghua nan ke xue 2014;20(12):1082–1085.
Neville G, Martyn F, Kilbane M, O'Riordan M, Wingfield M, McKenna M, et al. Vitamin D status and fertility outcomes during winter among couples undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Int J Gynaecol Obstetrics. 2016;135(2):172–6.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Ramlau-Hansen CH, Moeller UK, Bonde JP, Olsen J, Thulstrup AM. Are serum levels of vitamin D associated with semen quality? Results from a cross-sectional study in young healthy men. Fertil Steril. 2011;95(3):1000–4.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jueraitetibaike K, Ding Z, Wang D-D, Peng L-P, Jing J, Chen L, et al. The effect of vitamin D on sperm motility and the underlying mechanism. Asian J Androl. 2019;21(4):400–7.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Blomberg Jensen M, Lawaetz JG, Petersen JH, Juul A, Jørgensen N. Effects of Vitamin D supplementation on semen quality, reproductive hormones, and live birth rate: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(3):870–81.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ciccone IM, Costa EM, Pariz JR, Teixeira TA, Drevet JR, Gharagozloo P, et al. Serum vitamin D content is associated with semen parameters and serum testosterone levels in men. Asian J Androl. 2021;23(1):52–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wehr E, Pilz S, Boehm BO, März W, Obermayer-Pietsch B. Association of vitamin D status with serum androgen levels in men. Clin Endocrinol. 2010;73(2):243–8.
CAS
Google Scholar
Zhu CL, Xu QF, Li SX, Wei YC, Zhu GC, Yang C, et al. Investigation of serum vitamin D levels in Chinese infertile men. Andrologia. 2016;48(10):1261–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Singh P, Singh M, Cugati G, Singh AK. Hyperprolactinemia: an often missed cause of male infertility. J Human Reprod Sci. 2011;4(2):102–3.
Article
Google Scholar
Hendin BN, Falcone T, Hallak J, Nelson DR, Vemullapalli S, Goldberg J, et al. The effect of patient and semen characteristics on live birth rates following intrauterine insemination: a retrospective study. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2000;17(5):245–52.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cooper TG, Noonan E, von Eckardstein S, Auger J, Baker HW, Behre HM, et al. World Health Organization reference values for human semen characteristics. Hum Reprod Update. 2010;16(3):231–45.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Safarinejad MR. Efficacy of coenzyme Q10 on semen parameters, sperm function and reproductive hormones in infertile men. J Urol. 2009;182(1):237–48.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Agarwal A, Sharma R, Harlev A, Esteves SC. Effect of varicocele on semen characteristics according to the new 2010 World Health Organization criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Androl. 2016;18(2):163–70.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Banyra O, Nikitin O, Ventskivska I. Acute epididymo-orchitis: relevance of local classification and partner's follow-up. Central Eur J Urol. 2019;72(3):324–9.
Google Scholar
Brookings C, Goldmeier D, Sadeghi-Nejad H. Sexually transmitted infections and sexual function in relation to male fertility. Korean J Urol. 2013;54(3):149–56.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Mahmoud A, Comhaire F. Systemic causes of male infertility. Androl Clin; 2006. p. 57–63.
Shahrokhi SZ, Salehi P, Alyasin A, Taghiyar S, Deemeh MR. Asthenozoospermia: cellular and molecular contributing factors and treatment strategies. Andrologia. 2020;52(2):e13463.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rehman R, Zafar A, Fatima SS, Mohib A, Sheikh A. Altered sperm parameters and subclinical hypothyroidism; a cross sectional study in Karachi, Pakistan. Int J Clin Pract. 2020;74(9):e13555.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
La Vignera S, Vita R. Thyroid dysfunction and semen quality. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2018;32:2058738418775241-.
Institute of Medicine Committee to Review Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin D, Calcium. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. In: Ross AC, Taylor CL, Yaktine AL, Del Valle HB, editors. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US). National Academy of Sciences.; 2011
Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP, et al. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(7):1911–30.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjöström M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1381–95.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nikooyeh B, Neyestani TR, Farvid M, Alavi-Majd H, Houshiarrad A, Kalayi A, et al. Daily consumption of vitamin D- or vitamin D + calcium-fortified yogurt drink improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93(4):764–71.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Inaba K, Mizuno K. Sperm dysfunction and ciliopathy. Reprod Med Biol. 2016;15(2):77–94.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wachten D, Jikeli JF, Kaupp UB. Sperm Sensory Signaling. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives Biol. 2017;9(7):a028225.
du Plessis S, Agarwal A, Mohanty G, van der Linde M. Oxidative phosphorylation versus glycolysis: what fuel do spermatozoa use? Asian J Androl. 2015;17(2):230–5.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Pereira R, #225, R, #225, Lia, Barros A, et al. major regulatory mechanisms involved in sperm motility. AsianJ Androl 2017;19(1):5–14.
Shukla KK, Mahdi AA, Rajender S. Ion channels in sperm physiology and male fertility and infertility. J Androl. 2012;33(5):777–88.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Linck RW, Chemes H, Albertini DF. The axoneme: the propulsive engine of spermatozoa and cilia and associated ciliopathies leading to infertility. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2016;33(2):141–56.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Blouin JL, Meeks M, Radhakrishna U, Sainsbury AJ, Gehring C, Duriaux Saïl G, et al. Primary ciliary dyskinesia: a genome-wide linkage analysis reveals extensive locus heterogeneity. Eur J Hum Genet. 2000;8(2):109–18.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chemes HE, Brugo S, Zanchetti F, Carrere C, Lavieri JC. Dysplasia of the fibrous sheath: an ultrastructural defect of human spermatozoa associated with sperm immotility and primary sterility. Fertil Steril. 1987;48(4):664–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Collins GG, Rossi BV. The impact of lifestyle modifications, diet, and vitamin supplementation on natural fertility. Fertility Res Pract. 2015;1(1):11.
Article
Google Scholar
Somers CM. Ambient air pollution exposure and damage to male gametes: human studies and in situ 'sentinel' animal experiments. Syst Biol Reprod Med. 2011;57(1–2):63–71.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Aitken RJ. Reactive oxygen species as mediators of sperm capacitation and pathological damage. Mol Reprod Dev. 2017;84(10):1039–52.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Aitken RJ, Baker MA. Causes and consequences of apoptosis in spermatozoa; contributions to infertility and impacts on development. Int J Dev Biol. 2013;57(2–4):265–72.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hildebrand MS, Avenarius MR, Fellous M, Zhang Y, Meyer NC, Auer J, et al. Genetic male infertility and mutation of CATSPER ion channels. Eur J Human Genet. 2010;18(11):1178–84.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Pereira R, Sá R, Barros A, Sousa M. Major regulatory mechanisms involved in sperm motility. Asian J Androl. 2017;19(1):5–14.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Boeri L, Capogrosso P, Ventimiglia E, Pederzoli F, Cazzaniga W, Chierigo F, et al. Heavy cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are associated with impaired sperm parameters in primary infertile men. Asian J Androl. 2019;21(5):478–85.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sönmez MG, Haliloğlu AH. Role of varicocele treatment in assisted reproductive technologies. Arab J Urol. 2018;16(1):188–96.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wiseman H, Vitamin D. Is a membrane antioxidant. Ability to inhibit iron-dependent lipid peroxidation in liposomes compared to cholesterol, ergosterol and tamoxifen and relevance to anticancer action. FEBS Lett. 1993;326(1–3):285–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Steingrimsdottir L, Gunnarsson O, Indridason OS, Franzson L, Sigurdsson G. Relationship between serum parathyroid hormone levels, vitamin D sufficiency, and calcium intake. Jama. 2005;294(18):2336–41.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lewis RM, Redzic M, Thomas DT. The effects of season-long vitamin D supplementation on collegiate swimmers and divers. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2013;23(5):431–40.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Backx EM, Tieland M, Maase K, Kies AK, Mensink M, van Loon LJ, et al. The impact of 1-year vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status in athletes: a dose-response study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016;70(9):1009–14.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dubnov-Raz G, Livne N, Raz R, Cohen AH, Constantini NW. Vitamin D supplementation and physical performance in adolescent swimmers. IntJ Sport Nutri Exercise Metab. 2015;25(4):317–25.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Diamond T, Wong YK, Golombick T. Effect of oral cholecalciferol 2,000 versus 5,000 IU on serum vitamin D, PTH, bone and muscle strength in patients with vitamin D deficiency. Osteoporosis Int. 2013;24(3):1101–5.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Nimitphong H, Saetung S, Chanprasertyotin S, Chailurkit L-O, Ongphiphadhanakul B. Changes in circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D according to vitamin D binding protein genotypes after vitamin D3 or D2supplementation. Nutr J. 2013;12:39-.
Kinuta K, Tanaka H, Moriwake T, Aya K, Kato S, Seino Y. Vitamin D is an important factor in estrogen biosynthesis of both female and male gonads. Endocrinology. 2000;141(4):1317–24.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Blomberg Jensen M, Lieben L, Nielsen JE, Willems A, Jorgensen A, Juul A, et al. Characterization of the testicular, epididymal and endocrine phenotypes in the Leuven Vdr-deficient mouse model: targeting estrogen signalling. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2013;377(1–2):93–102.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sun W, Chen L, Zhang W, Wang R, Goltzman D, Miao D. Active vitamin D deficiency mediated by extracellular calcium and phosphorus results in male infertility in young mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2015;308(1):E51–62.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Uhland AM, Kwiecinski GG, DeLuca HF. Normalization of serum calcium restores fertility in vitamin D-deficient male rats. J Nutr. 1992;122(6):1338–44.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Aquila S, Guido C, Perrotta I, Tripepi S, Nastro A, Andò S. Human sperm anatomy: ultrastructural localization of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D receptor and its possible role in the human male gamete. J Anat. 2008;213(5):555–64.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Moghadam MT, Hosseini G, Absalan F, Tabar MH, Nikbakht R. Effects of Vitamin D on apoptosis and quality of sperm in Asthenozoospermia. JBRA Assisted Reprod. 2020;24(3):316–23.
Google Scholar
Taheri Moghadam M, Asadi Fard Y, Saki G, Nikbakht R. Effect of vitamin D on apoptotic marker, reactive oxygen species and human sperm parameters during the process of cryopreservation. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2019;22(9):1036–1043.
Nowicka-Bauer K, Szymczak-Cendlak M. Structure and Function of Ion Channels Regulating Sperm Motility-An Overview. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(6):3259.
Rossato M, Balercia G, Lucarelli G, Foresta C, Mantero F. Role of seminal osmolarity in the reduction of human sperm motility. Int J Androl. 2002;25(4):230–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lasko J, Schlingmann K, Klocke A, Mengel GA, Turner R. Calcium/calmodulin and cAMP/protein kinase-a pathways regulate sperm motility in the stallion. Anim Reprod Sci. 2012;132(3–4):169–77.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yoshida M, Yoshida K. Sperm chemotaxis and regulation of flagellar movement by Ca2+. Mol Hum Reprod. 2011;17(8):457–65.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Amini L, Mohammadbeigi R, Vafa M, Haghani H, Vahedian-Azimi A, Karimi L, et al. Evaluation of the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on quantitative and qualitative parameters of spermograms and hormones in infertile men: a randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies Med. 2020;53:102529.
Article
Google Scholar
Dufau ML, Catt KJ, Tsuruhara T. Gonadotrophin stimulation of testosterone production by the rat testis in vitro. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971;252(3):574–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Oury F, Sumara G, Sumara O, Ferron M, Chang H, Smith CE, et al. Endocrine regulation of male fertility by the skeleton. Cell. 2011;144(5):796–809.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Välimäki VV, Alfthan H, Ivaska KK, Löyttyniemi E, Pettersson K, Stenman UH, et al. Serum estradiol, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin as regulators of peak bone mass and bone turnover rate in young Finnish men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(8):3785–9.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Kirmani S, Atkinson EJ, Melton LJ 3rd, Riggs BL, Amin S, Khosla S. Relationship of testosterone and osteocalcin levels during growth. J Bone Mineral Res. 2011;26(9):2212–6.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Hannemann A, Breer S, Wallaschofski H, Nauck M, Baumeister SE, Barvencik F, et al. Osteocalcin is associated with testosterone in the general population and selected patients with bone disorders. Andrology. 2013;1(3):469–74.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lee DM, Tajar A, Pye SR, Boonen S, Vanderschueren D, Bouillon R, et al. Association of hypogonadism with vitamin D status: the European male ageing study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2012;166(1):77–85.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nimptsch K, Platz EA, Willett WC, Giovannucci E. Association between plasma 25-OH vitamin D and testosterone levels in men. Clin Endocrinol. 2012;77(1):106–12.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S, Wan Ngah WZ. Vitamin D is significantly associated with total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin in Malaysian men. Aging Male. 2015;18(3):175–9.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Deurenberg P, Weststrate JA, Seidell JC. Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: age- and sex-specific prediction formulas. Br J Nutr. 2007;65(2):105–14.
Article
Google Scholar
Fui MNT, Dupuis P, Grossmann M. Lowered testosterone in male obesity: mechanisms, morbidity and management. Asian J Androl. 2014;16(2):223–31.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Yassin DJ, Doros G, Hammerer PG, Yassin AA. Long-term testosterone treatment in elderly men with hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction reduces obesity parameters and improves metabolic syndrome and health-related quality of life. J Sex Med. 2014;11(6):1567–76.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vimaleswaran KS, Berry DJ, Lu C, Tikkanen E, Pilz S, Hiraki LT, et al. Causal relationship between obesity and vitamin D status: bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis of multiple cohorts. PLoS Med. 2013;10(2):e1001383.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Zofková I, Scholz G, Stárka L. Effect of calcitonin and 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 on the FSH, LH and testosterone secretion at rest and LHRH stimulated secretion. Hormone Metabolic Res. 1989;21(12):682–5.
Foresta C, Calogero A, Lombardo F, Lenzi A, Ferlin A. Late-onset hypogonadism: beyond testosterone. Asian J Androl. 2015;17(2):236–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jorde R, Grimnes G, Hutchinson MS, Kjærgaard M, Kamycheva E, Svartberg J. Supplementation with vitamin D does not increase serum testosterone levels in healthy males. Hormone Metabolic Res. 2013;45(9):675–81.
Ferlin A, Selice R, Di Mambro A, Ghezzi M, Di Nisio A, Caretta N, et al. Role of vitamin D levels and vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density in Klinefelter syndrome. Osteoporosis Int. 2015;26(8):2193–202.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Canguven O, Talib RA, El Ansari W, Yassin DJ, Al NA. Vitamin D treatment improves levels of sexual hormones, metabolic parameters and erectile function in middle-aged vitamin D deficient men. Aging Male. 2017;20(1):9–16.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pilz S, Frisch S, Koertke H, Kuhn J, Dreier J, Obermayer-Pietsch B, et al. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone levels in men. Hormone Metabolic Res. 2011;43(3):223–5.
Camacho EM, Huhtaniemi IT, O'Neill TW, Finn JD, Pye SR, Lee DM, et al. Age-associated changes in hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular function in middle-aged and older men are modified by weight change and lifestyle factors: longitudinal results from the European male ageing study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2013;168(3):445.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Krishnan AV, Swami S, Peng L, Wang J, Moreno J, Feldman D. Tissue-selective regulation of aromatase expression by calcitriol: implications for breast cancer therapy. Endocrinology. 2010;151(1):32–42.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Longcope C, Kato T, Horton R. Conversion of blood androgens to estrogens in normal adult men and women. J Clin Invest. 1969;48(12):2191–201.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Maghsoumi-Norouzabad L, Zare Javid A, Aiiashi S, Hosseini SA, Dadfar M, Bazyar H, et al. The impact of obesity on various semen parameters and sex hormones in Iranian men with infertility: a cross-sectional study. Res Reports Urol. 2020;12:357–65.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Perna S. Is Vitamin D Supplementation Useful for Weight Loss Programs? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania). 2019;55(7):368.
Finkelstein JS, Yu EW, Burnett-Bowie SA. Gonadal steroids and body composition, strength, and sexual function in men. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(25):2457.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Andersson AM, Jørgensen N, Frydelund-Larsen L, Rajpert-De Meyts E, Skakkebaek NE. Impaired Leydig cell function in infertile men: a study of 357 idiopathic infertile men and 318 proven fertile controls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(7):3161–7.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar