Table 1 Patient characteristics before and after propensity score matching

Age(year), Mean(SD)

32.00 (4.05)

31.86 (3.77)

0.036

31.63 (4.00)

31.44 (3.62)

0.052

Complication (%)

0.324

0.099

 No complication

123 (56.9)

183 (61.8)

110 (61.8)

110 (61.8)

 Intrauterine adhesion

6 (2.8)

9 (3.0)

6 (3.4)

8 (4.5)

 Thyroid disease

14 (6.5)

19 (6.4)

11 (6.2)

8 (4.5)

 Chronic endometritis

12 (5.6)

8 (2.7)

7 (3.9)

7 (3.9)

 Adenomyosis

22 (10.2)

10 (3.4)

9 (5.1)

8 (4.5)

 Others

39 (18.1)

67 (22.6)

35 (19.7)

37 (20.8)

BMI(kg/m²), Mean(SD)

21.37 (2.53)

20.97 (2.44)

0.16

21.08 (2.31)

20.99 (2.62)

0.036

Duration of infertility(year), Mean(SD)

2.96 (2.03)

2.84 (2.31)

0.055

2.89 (1.99)

2.43 (1.73)

0.243

Smoking, n (%)

4 (1.9)

5 (1.7)

0.012

2 (1.1)

3 (1.7)

0.048

Surgical history, n (%)

0.528

0.043

 No

163 (75.5)

266 (89.9)

159 (89.3)

157 (88.2)

 Myoma/polyp resection/cystectomy

3 (1.4)

9 (3.0)

3 (1.7)

3 (1.7)

 Tubal surgery

43 (19.9)

14 (4.7)

12 (6.7)

14 (7.9)

 Cesarean section

7 (3.2)

4 (1.4)

4 (2.2)

4 (2.2)

 Others

0 (0.0)

3 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Total number of previous pregnancies resulting in live births, n (%)

0.168

0.064

 0

182 (84.3)

249 (84.1)

150 (84.3)

154 (86.5)

 1

34 (15.7)

43 (14.5)

28 (15.7)

24 (13.5)

 2

0 (0.0)

4 (1.4)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Miscarriage times, n (%)

0.198

0.124

 0

171 (79.2)

237 (80.1)

145 (81.5)

150 (84.3)

 1

26 (12.0)

42 (14.2)

21 (11.8)

18 (10.1)

 2

14 (6.5)

16 (5.4)

11 (6.2)

10 (5.6)

 3

2 (0.9)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 4

2 (0.9)

1 (0.3)

1 (0.6)

0 (0.0)

 5

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Treatment after HSG, n (%)

0.401

0.569

 Expectant management

107 (49.5)

168 (56.8)

102 (57.3)

124 (69.7)

 IUI

14 (6.5)

36 (12.2)

14 (7.9)

2 (1.1)

 IVF/ICSI

81 (37.5)

62 (20.9)

49 (27.5)

23 (12.9)

 Laparoscopy and/or Hysteroscopy

14 (6.5)

30 (10.1)

13 (7.3)

29 (16.3)