Table 1 Characteristics of the study population by total testosterone(ng/dl)

Age (mean, years)

46.98(0.36)

50.16(0.47)

47.49(0.55)

45.46(0.66)

44.94(0.73)

< 0.0001

Ethnic

0.01

 black

9.63%

8.67%

8.48%

9.98%

11.35%

 white

67.51%

69.92%

66.42%

67.72%

66.06%

 other

22.86%

21.42

25.10%

22.30%

22.59%

Marital status

< 0.0001

 Married

58.32%

67.42%

62.16%

56.90%

47.14%

 SDW

12.54%

12.60%

11.72%

12.18%

13.67%

 unmarried

29.14%

19.98%

26.12%

30.92%

39.19%

Annual household income

0.01

 0-19.999$

12.11%

11.91%

10.12%

11.95%

14.47%

 20.000-54.999$

34.77%

34.47%

32.45%

34.08%

38.10%

 55.000-74.999$

12.88%

13.36%

14.31%

12.65%

11.23%

 75.000$

40.23%

40.27%

43.13%

41.32%

36.20%

Education

0.5

 High school graduate or under

37.89%

37.57%

37.55%

36.59%

39.88%

 Some college or above

62.11%

62.43%

62.45%

63.41%

60.12%

Smoke

< 0.0001

 former

28.84%

35.21%

28.55%

26.06%

25.80%

 never

49.77%

48.79%

52.35%

51.96%

45.89%

 now

21.39%

15.99%

19.09%

21.98%

28.31%

Alcohol consumption

< 0.001

 No

26.38%

31.94%

26.27%

24.37%

23.18%

 Yes

73.62%

68.06%

73.73%

75.63%

76.82%

DM

< 0.0001

 DM

15.57%

24.21%

16.91%

11.66%

9.88%

 IFG

6.02%

5.22%

5.61%

7.27%

5.91%

 IGT

3.64%

3.82%

4.03%

3.44%

3.26%

 no

74.78%

66.75%

73.45%

77.63%

80.95%

Hypertension

< 0.0001

 no

60.60%

50.43%

58.32%

64.07%

69.17%

 yes

39.40%

49.57%

41.68%

35.93%

30.83%

Congestive heart failure

< 0.0001

 no

97.61%

95.81%

97.45%

98.38%

98.72%

 yes

2.39%

4.19%

2.55%

1.62%

1.28%

Hyperlipidemia

< 0.0001

 no

31.33%

19.10%

26.82%

36.05%

42.84%

 yes

68.67%

80.90%

73.18%

63.95%

57.16%

BMI (kg/m2)

< 0.0001

 <25

26.29%

10.47%

19.15%

28.33%

46.65%

 ≥30

36.15%

56.07%

43.46%

29.67%

16.21%

 25-29.9

37.56%

33.46%

37.39%

42.00%

37.14%