Table 4 NE or PR3 were independent risk factors for development of GDM and adverse fetal outcomes in all enrolled subjects

NE (ng/mL)

 Lowest (< 311.49)

Reference

Reference

 Middle (311.49 to 514.96)

2.33 (1.23 to 4.44)

0.010

2.86 (1.16 to 7.08)

0.023

 Highest (> 514.96)

2.51 (1.29 to 4.89)

0.007

2.98 (1.16 to 7.64)

0.023

Age (years)

1.95 (1.18 to 3.22)

0.009

2.02 (1.03 to 3.95)

0.042

First-trimester FPG (mmol/L)

1.27 (0.77 to 2.08)

0.350

2.04 (1.04 to 4.02)

0.038

Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²)

3.05 (1.81 to 5.16)

< 0.001

1.30 (0.67 to 2.53)

0.434

PR3 (ng/mL)

 Lowest (< 70.50)

Reference

Reference

 Middle (70.50 to 111.02)

1.60 (0.87 to 2.96)

0.134

2.78 (1.05 to 7.35)

0.039

 Highest (> 111.02)

3.61 (1.78 to 7.30)

< 0.001

3.14 (1.05 to 9.43)

0.042

Age (years)

1.65 (0.98 to 2.80)

0.061

1.88 (0.86 to 4.09)

0.112

First-trimester FPG (mmol/L)

1.30 (0.77 to 2.21)

0.333

2.05 (0.94 to 4.48)

0.073

Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²)

3.08 (1.78 to 5.31)

< 0.001

1.50 (0.70 to 3.25)

0.300