Table 3 Comparison of parameters among three groups categorized by tertile of PR3 in the cohort study

Anthropometric parameters

 Age (years)

30.45 ± 4.17

30.68 ± 4.61

30.21 ± 4.56

0.630

 Parity (n, %)

0.133

  No

52 (41.3)

21 (31.3)

49 (30.4)

  Yes

74 (58.7)

46 (68.7)

112 (69.6)

 Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²)

21.78 ± 3.19

22.19 ± 3.33

22.11 ± 3.49

0.457

First trimester

 Gestation weeks

11.03 ± 3.34

10.96 ± 3.07

11.02 ± 3.28

0.393

 SBP (mmHg)

113.28 ± 9.82

115.46 ± 9.73

115. ± 9.91

0.436

 DBP (mmHg)

70.80 ± 8.71

69.60 ± 8.16

72.82 ± 8.80

0.062

 Weight (kg)

56.25 ± 8.75

56.79 ± 8.82

56.41 ± 8.44

0.273

 Height (cm)

1.61 ± 0.05

1.60 ± 0.05

1.60 ± 0.06

0.892

 WBC (× 10⁹/L)

8.12 ± 1.71

8.83 ± 1.98

9.10 ± 2.17

< 0.001

 Neutrophils (× 10⁹/L)

6.02 ± 1.37

6.43 ± 1.41

6.66 ± 1.41

0.001

 ALT (U/L)

10.00 (7.00–15.00)

10.50 (9.00–5.00)

11.00 (8.00–15.00)

0.416

 BUN (mmol/L)

2.40 (2.10–2.95)

2.50 (2.08–3.03)

2.70 (2.20–3.00)

0.029

 SCR (umol/L)

49.94 ± 8.34

51.98 ± 9.49

51.87 ± 9.10

0.097

 TC (mmol/L)

4.43 ± 0.79

4.49 ± 0.77

4.58 ± 0.88

0.415

 TG (mmol/L)

1.34 (1.02–1.72)

1.39 (1.09–1.85)

1.43 (1.13–1.87)

0.469

 HDL (mmol/L)

1.83 ± 0.35

1.82 ± 0.36

1.82 ± 0.36

0.716

 LDL (mmol/L)

2.40 ± 0.68

2.49 ± 0.63

2.54 ± 0.70

0.441

 FPG (mmol/L)

4.43 ± 0.39

4.39 ± 0.49

4.39 ± 0.38

0.236

 eGFR (CDK-EPI) (mL/min/1.73m²)

125.66 ± 9.26

123.42 ± 11.19

123.75 ± 9.99

0.169

 eGFR (MDRD) (mL/min/1.73m²)

135.00 (118.25–157.75)

131.00 (111.00–152.25)

133.00 (112.00–153.00)

0.123

Second trimester

 Gestation weeks

25.93 ± 1.39

25.81 ± 1.39

25.91 ± 1.60

0.721

 FPG (mmol/L)

4.42 ± 0.44

4.46 ± 0.49

4.46 ± 0.45

0.230

 1 h PG (mmol/L)

7.27 ± 1.87

7.59 ± 2.04

7.83 ± 1.90

0.002

 2 h PG (mmol/L)

6.27 ± 1.40

6.45 ± 1.62

6.57 ± 1.47

0.004

 OGTT area

12.61 ± 2.52

13.02 ± 2.78

13.32 ± 2.57

0.001

 WBC (× 10⁹/L)

8.70 (7.65–10.10)

9.31 (8.09–10.82)

9.73 (8.31–11.50)

0.002

 Neutrophils (× 10⁹/L)

6.46 ± 1.67

7.16 ± 1.91

7.52 ± 2.01

< 0.001

Third trimester

 Delivery time (weeks)

38.99 ± 1.36

38.77 ± 1.55

38.75 ± 1.72

0.481

 HBA1C (%)

5.27 ± 0.39

5.14 ± 0.34

5.15 ± 0.36

0.501

 FPG (mmol/L)

4.16 ± 0.61

4.16 ± 0.52

4.18 ± 0.96

0.452

 SBP (mmHg)

119.91 ± 10.28

121.58 ± 11.46

119.91 ± 10.30

0.266

 DBP (mmHg)

74.54 ± 7.02

75.62 ± 7.78

74.77 ± 7.93

0.109

 Weight (kg)

70.26 ± 8.32

70.79 ± 9.69

69.23 ± 8.61

0.200

 Weight gain (kg)

12.46 ± 5.49

12.34 ± 4.16

11.87 ± 4.33

0.446

Pregnancy outcomes

 GDM women (n, %)

23 (24.0)

27 (31)

46 (47.9)

0.011

 Birth length (cm)

49.76 ± 0.97

49.74 ± 1.13

49.44 ± 2.20

0.825

 Newborn weight (kg)

3.30 (3.06–3.51)

3.30 (3.04–3.60)

3.27 (3.00–3.50)

0.651

 Macrosomia (n, %)

0.200

  No

100 (99.0)

50 (94.3)

116 (95.1)

  Yes

1 (1.0)

3 (5.7)

6 (4.9)

 Fetus gender (n, %)

0.873

  Male

49 (48.5)

27 (50.9)

57 (46.7)

  Female

52 (51.5)

26 (49.1)

65 (53.3)

 Comprehensive adverse fetal outcomes (n, %)

0.122

  No

95 (94.1)

44 (83.0)

104 (85.2)

  Yes

6 (5.9)

9 (17.0)

18 (14.8)

 Cesarean section (n, %)

0.464

  No

67 (66.3)

30 (56.6)

81 (66.4)

  Yes

34 (33.7)

23 (43.4)

41 (33.6)