Table 4 Clinical characteristics and ICSI outcomes of AZFcd deletion (combination of sY254, sY255, and sY152 deletions) and control group

Baseline characteristics

Male age, y

31.67 ± 4.74

31.00 ± 4.20

0.458

Female age, y

29.53 ± 3.91

29.21 ± 3.39

0.662

Women’s BMI,

20.25 ± 1.76

20.50 ± 1.97

0.510

Duration of infertility

3.67 ± 2.72

3.61 ± 2.20

0.909

Number of births in females before

0.06 ± 0.23

0.01 ± 0.12

0.317

Number of oocytes retrieved

12.61 ± 5.76

12.31 ± 5.83

0.797

Number of MII oocytes retrieved

10.44 ± 5.19

10.21 ± 5.07

0.821

ICSI outcomes

Normal fertilization rate,%

71.85 ± 14.45

78.11 ± 19.74

0.095

High-quality embryo rate,%

42.66 ± 25.45

49.13 ± 26.23

0.222

Blastocyst formation rate,%

62.55 ± 37.47

53.07 ± 34.97

0.314

High-quality blastocyst rate,%

60.13 ± 43.48

49.03 ± 36.74

0.329

Total number of ET cycles

54

89

/

Number of transferred embryos per ET

1.80 ± 0.53

1.87 ± 0.43

0.421

Blastocyst transfer cycles, n(%)

17/54(31.48)

33/89(37.08)

0.496

FET cycles, n(%)

18/54(33.33)

40/89(44.94)

0.170

Clinical pregnancy rate per fresh ET, n(%)

19/36(52.78)

26/49(53.06)

0.979

Live birth rate per fresh ET, n(%)

15/36(41.67)

23/49(46.94)

0.629

Miscarriage rate per fresh ET, n(%)

4/19(21.05)

3/26(11.54)

0.650

Clinical pregnancy rate per FET, n(%)

6/18(33.33)

20/40(50.00)

0.238

Live birth rate per FET, n(%)

5/18(27.78)

18/40(45.00)

0.215

Miscarriage rate per FET, n(%)

1/6(16.67)

2/20(10.00)

0.779

Cumulative clinical pregnancy rate, n(%)

25/36(69.44)

46/72(63.89)

0.566

Cumulative live birth rate, n(%)

20/36(55.56)

41/72(56.94)

0.891

Cumulative miscarriage rate, n(%)

5/25(20.00)

5/46(10.87)

0.484