Fig. 1
From: Post-warming culture of human vitrified blastocysts with prolactin improves trophoblast outgrowth
Recovery culture with prolactin (PRL) upregulates the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)- and focal adhesion-related genes in human blastocysts. mRNA expression levels of (A) ezrin (EZR), (B) radixin (RDX), (C) moesin (MSN), (D) transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), (E) snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAI1), (F) twist family bHLH transcription factor 1 (TWIST1), (G) cadherin 1 (CDH1), (H) cadherin 2 (CDH2), (I) integrin subunit α 5 (ITGA5), (J) integrin subunit beta 1 (ITGB1), (K) integrin subunit alpha V (ITGAV), and (L) integrin subunit β 3 (ITGB3) in embryos cultured on fibronectin-coated dishes for 12 h [PRL non-treated (control), n = 14; PRL 15 min, n = 14; PRL 30 min, n = 14; PRL 60 min, n = 14; PRL 120 min, n = 14]. The expression of each target gene was normalized to that of H2A histone family member Z. N.S., not significant. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean. a–c Different letters indicate a significant difference at P < 0.05