Table 1 Baseline characteristics by adherence to the Profertility Diet

BMI < 25 kg/m² (n)

19

23

18

16

BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² (n)

22

32

22

23

Age (years)

27 (24–32)

31 (25–37)

31 (26–36)

31 (27–38)

0.06

Current smoker

4 (10%)

4 (7.4%)

2 (5%)

4 (10.3%)

0.85

White

23 (58%)

29 (53%)

27 (69%)

28 (72%)

0.19

Education

0.08

 Less than college

15 (38%)

20 (36%)

10 (26%)

6 (15%)

 College graduate or higher

25 (62%)

35 (64%)

29 (74%)

33 (85%)

BMI (kg/m²)

26.2 (23.1–33.3)

25.8 (22.8–32.9)

26.7 (22.9–30.0)

25.7 (22.3–29.9)

0.82

KPAS

9.3 (8.1–11.1)

9.5 (8.2–11.4)

11.1 (10.3–11.6)

10.4 (9.0–11.9)

0.002^a

AMH

2.6 (1.8–4.1)

2.3 (1.3–3.8)

2.7 (1.6–4.3)

2.8 (1.7–4.5)

0.85

AFC

25 (12–38)

22 (15–31)

24 (17–38)

28 (17–35)

0.71

 Total calories, kcal/d

1500 (1112–1747)

1705 (1270–2045)

2054 (1603–2592)

2013 (1761–2430)

< 0.0001

 Carbohydrates, % of kcal/d

48 (42–53)

47 (40–54)

48 (43–50)

46 (42–51)

0.91

 Protein, % of kcal/d

17 (14–19)

17 (13–19)

17 (15–18)

17 (16–19)

0.28

 Fat, % of kcal/d

34 (30–44)

34 (30–40)

34 (32–37)

34 (31–38)

> 0.999

 Alcohol, g/d

2.3 (0–6.6)

3.6 (0–8.1)

5.6 (2.0–10.3)

7.0 (2.5–11.8)

0.01

 Caffeine, mg/d

31.6 (13.1–114.7)

95.2 (16.0–239.0)

115.8 (45.8–237.2)

161.5 (91.5–288.5)

0.0001

 Multivitamin use

6 (15%)

14 (26%)

18 (47%)

29 (74%)

< 0.0001