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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the patients with bi-allelic variants of MSH4 at the clinical assessment

From: Novel bi-allelic MSH4 variants causes meiotic arrest and non-obstructive azoospermia

Subject

P9359

P9517-1

P9517-2

P9540

P21504

Secondary sexual characteristics

Normal

Normal

Normal

Normal

Normal

Testicular volume (Left/Right, ml)

12/12

12/12

/

12/12

15/15

Karyotype

46,XY

46,XY

/

46,XY

46,XY

Y Chromosome microdeletions

No

No

/

No

No

Follicle-stimulating hormone (IU/L)

4.4

9.66

/

10.83

4.7

Luteinizing hormone (IU/L)

5.54

5.52

/

5.44

3.4

Testosterone (nmol/L)

3.45

3.95

/

5.63

2.87