Table 1 Summary of stem cell therapy for POI

iPSCs

ICR mice

differentiation function

cultured and induced in vitro

differentiate into oogonia/gonocyte-like cells

[69]

BMSCs

cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in rabbits

increased the secretion of VEGF

injected intravenously in the ear veins

reduced FSH level increased serum estrogen level and follicle number

[70]

BMSCs

cisplatin-induced apoptosis of GCs/ aging rats

downregulated P21 and Bax, upregulated the c-myc proto-oncogene mRNA

co-culture in vitro/injected via vena caudalis

inhibited GCs apoptosis

[71]

ADSCs

cisplatin-induced ovarian failure in mice

induced angiogenesis

intraovarian injected

restored the number of ovarian follicles and corpus luteum

[72]

MenSCs

epirubicin-induced GCs injury/ cisplatin-induced ovarian failure in mice

protected GCs from apoptosis and increased secretion of fibroblast growth factor 2

co-culture in vitro/injected via vena caudalis

improved POI

[73, 74]

PMSCs

the pZP3-induced POI mice model

reduced follicular atresia and GCs apoptosis

injected via vena caudalis

increased serum AMH and estrogen levels

[75]

PMSCs

the pZP3-induced POI mice model

regulated Th17/Tc17 and Th17/Treg cell ratios by PI3K/Akt signal pathway

intraovarian injected

restored ovarian function

[76]

PMSCs

ovariectomized rat model

upregulated antioxidant factors

injected through the tail vein

restored ovarian function

[77]

PMSCs

the pZP3-induced POI mice model

inhibited endoplasmic reticulum stress inositol-demanding enzyme 1 signaling pathway

injected through the tail vein

reduced GCs apoptosis

[78]

UC-MSCs

cisplatin-induced ovarian failure in rat

transform growth factor-β/Smad3 signaling pathway

injected through the tail vein

regulated the differentiation of ovarian stromal cells

[79]

AFSCs

gilt

differentiatived potential

co-culture in vitro

differentiated into primordial follicle oocytes in vitro

[80]

AMSCs

cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in rat

reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines

injected through the tail vein

inhibited ovarian inflammation

[81]

exosomal miR-644-5p derived from BMSCs

cisplatin-induced ovarian failure in mice

targeted the regulation of p53

injected through the tail vein

suppressed GCs apoptosis

[82]

exosomal miR-144-5p derived from BMSCs

cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in rat

target PTEN

injected intraperitoneally

inhibited GCs apoptosis

[83]

miR-21 derived from BMSCs

phosphamide mustard- induced apoptosis of GCs/ cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in rat

downregulated PTEN and PDCD4

co-culture in vitro/ injected into the bilateral ovaries

repaired ovarian structure and function

[84]

ADSC-derived exosomes

cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in mice

regulated the SMAD pathway

injected into the ovaries

oogenesis and the proliferation of granular cells

[85]

exosomal miRNA-17-5p derived from hUC-MSCs

cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in mice

regulated SIRT7 signaling pathway

injected into the ovaries

improved ovarian function

[86]

exosomal miR-10a/ and miR-146a derived from AFSCs

cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in mice

inhibited follicular atresia

transplanted into the ovaries

increased GCs survival

[87]

exosomal miR-320areleased from human AMSCs

cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in mice

regulated Sirtuin4

injected into the ovaries

delay ROS generation in POI

[88]

collagen caffold+ ADSCs

tripterygium glycosides induced ovarian failure in rat

enhance the retention of ADSCs in target organs

injected into the ovaries

increase follicle counts

[89]

collagen caffold+ UC-MSCs

POI patients

phosphorylation of FOXO3a and FOXO1

intraovarian injected/

activate follicles in dormant ovaries

[90]

alginate+ ADSCs

mice

secrete cytokines

co-culture in vitro

support follicle genesis, survival, and maturation in vitro

[91]