Icariin improves testicular dysfunction via enhancing proliferation and inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Table 2 Effect of ICA on body weight, blood glucose, insulin levels and insulin resistance index in diabetic rats

Group	BW (g)		FBG (mmol L⁻¹)		FINS (uIU mL⁻¹)	IRI
Group	Before	After	Before	After	FINS (uIU mL⁻¹)	IRI
Control	341.2 ± 7.644^◇	402.5 ± 8.705^a◈	6.150 ± 0.5296^a◇	4.817 ± 0.1833^a◇	73.89 ± 15.00^a	20.96 ± 0.940^a
T2DM	316.7 ± 17.09^◇	232.8 ± 26.64^b◈	22.07 ± 0.7843^b◇	27.48 ± 0.9630^b◇	96.26 ± 40.07^b	188.5 ± 51.80^b
Metformin	321.2 ± 5.350^◇	350.0 ± 31.54^c◇	18.10 ± 0.5125^b◇	5.000 ± 0.4359^a◈	188.9 ± 82.10^c	39.72 ± 19.31^c
ICA	340.7 ± 13.20^◇	261.6 ± 11.43^b◈	22.43 ± 0.7796^b◇	7.650 ± 2.0840^a◈	118.2 ± 13.62^b	23.24 ± 9.770^a

In each column, values assigned with different superscript lowercases (letters) indicate significant difference (P < 0.05). In each row of BW and FBG, values assigned with different superscript symbols (diamond symbols) also indicate significant difference (P < 0.05). BW body weight; FBG fasting blood glucose; FINS fasting insulin; IRI insulin resistance index

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