Fig. 2

The multi-organoid-on-a-chip system containing the female reproductive, the liver and the heart organoids. Culture medium can be circulated within each organoids, between organoids, and within the entire system, enabling the controlled and biomimetic distribution of biomolecules, such as metabolites and hormones. In the multi-organoid-on-a-chip systems, the responses of one organoid to drugs or toxins affect the responses of other organoids, which occurs in actual human physiology. In addition, these micro-physiological systems can use to study the effects of reproductive hormones throughout the body. The phase contrast images of organoids in the right part of figure is from correspond author’s lab (un-published data). Heart image in female body has been adapted from Freepik.com designed by Kjpargeter; Liver and uterus images in female body have been adapted from Freepik.com designed by macrovector (These three elements have been adapted from resources of Freepik.com in 27 may 2020). Other elements in the figure have been designed by authors