Table 1 Characteristics of the participants
Baseline | Follow-up | Baseline vs. Follow-up | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control n = 8 | PCOS n = 40 | p | Control n = 8 | PCOS n = 40 | p | Controls p | PCOS p | |
Age (years) | 30.0 (5.2) | 29.1 (4.1) | NS | 35.6 (6.0) | 34.7 (4.2) | NS | – | – |
Weight (kg) | 72.3 (12.4) | 77.6 (20.1) | NS | 79.2 (12.8) | 78.5 (17.8) | NS | 0.03 | NS |
Height (cm) | 169.8 (3.8) | 168.5 (7.1) | NS | 171.3 (4.3) | 168.5 (6.9) | NS | NS | NS |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.83 (4.2) | 26.7 (5.2) | NS | 27.0 (4.3) | 27.7 (6.1) | NS | 0.03 | 0.013 |
Waist (cm) | 83.4 (8.5) | 89.5 (12.8) | NS | 90.8 (11.0) | 91.7 (15.0) | NS | 0.02 | 0.018 |
Hip (cm) | 106.6 (7.8) | 107.8 (9.1) | NS | 108.0 (8.0) | 109.2 (11.5) | NS | NS | 0.018 |
Waist-Hip Ratio | 0.8 (0.1) | 0.8 (0.1) | NS | 0.8 (0.6) | 0.8 (0.1) | NS | 0.06 | NS |
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 123.2 (17.2) | 122.5 (11.0) | NS | 113.6 (18.1) | 121.0 (12.9) | NS | NS | NS |
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 76.6 (13.5) | 77.0 (10.8) | NS | 71.5 (17.1) | 72.8 (11.2) | NS | NS | 0.04 |
Ferriman Gallwey Score | 2.5 (1.5–4.5) | 5.0 (3.0–10.0) | 0.019 | 1.5 (0–5.5) | 6.0 (3.0–9.0) | NS | NS | NS |
Total testosterone (nmol/L) | 0.9 (0.7–1.6) | 1.9 (1.4–2.5) | 0.001 | 0.7 (0.4–0.9) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 0.02 | 0.039 | < 0.001 |
Free testosterone (nmol/L) | 0.019 (0.012–0.023) | 0.032 (0.019–0.050) | 0.016 | 0.012 (0.007–0.014) | 0.023 (0.014–0.036) | NS | NS | 0.008 |
DHEAS (Umol/L) | 5181 (1962) | 5676 (2764) | NS | 4437 (2550) | 4857 (2190) | NS | NS | 0.017 |
Androstenedione (nmol/L) | 4.4 (3.0–5.7) | 7.1 (4.7–9.0) | 0.008 | 2.8 (1.8–3.4) | 5.8 (4.0–8.5) | < 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.048 |
SHBG (nmol/L) | 62.5 (45.0–73.5) | 59.5 (40.0–83.0) | NS | 49.0 (30.0–72.5) | 46.0 (36.5–83.0) | NS | NS | 0.011 |
LH/FSH ratio | 0.7 (0.5–1.2) | 1.7 (1.2–2.3) | < 0.001 | 0.8 (0.8–1.1) | 1.6 (1.1–2.2) | 0.02 | NS | NS |
Fasting s-glucose (mmol/L) | 5.3 (0.8) | 5.1 (0.4) | NS | 4.8 (0.7) | 4.9 (0.5) | NS | NS | 0.029 |
s-insulin (pmol/L) | 58.8 (40.8–84.1) | 45.7 (33.0–104.1) | NS | 56.7 (38.6–110.9) | 60.1 (37.7–108.9) | NS | NS | 0.014 |
s-C-peptide (nmol/L) | 0.6 (0.6–0.7) | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | NS | 0.7 (0.6–0.7) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | NS | NS | < 0.001 |
HOMA IR (mU*mmol/L2) | 13.9 (10.1–18.9) | 10.3 (7.4–22.7) | NS | 11.0 (8.2–27.8) | 12.9 (7.6–24.8) | NS | NS | 0.056 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.7 (0.7) | 4.6 (0.8) | NS | 4.3 (0.8) | 4.5 (0.8) | NS | NS | NS |
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.9 (0.7) | 2.6 (0.7) | NS | 2.5 (0.7) | 2.6 (0.8) | NS | NS | NS |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4 (0.2) | 1.60 (0.5) | NS | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.6 (1.2) | NS | NS | NS |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 0.70 (0.7–0.8) | 0.7 (0.6–1.2) | NS | 0.9 (0.9–1.2) | 0.8 (0.7–1.6) | NS | NS | 0.001 |