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Table 3 Seminal quality in Indian fertile and infertile men over five-year periods

From: Decline in seminal quality in Indian men over the last 37 years

Variables

Fertile

Infertile

Total

p value (Fertile vs. Infertile)

n

Mean ± SD

n

Mean ± SD

n

Mean ± SD

Semen volume (ml):

  ≤ 2001

8

2.74 ± 0.52

2

3.72 ± 1.73

10

2.93 ± 0.84

0.701

 2002–2006

6

2.78 ± 0.42

2

2.50 ± 0.42

8

2.71 ± 0.41

0.896

 2007–2011

23

2.97 ± 0.94

13

3.00 ± 0.56

36

2.98 ± 0.81

0.963

 2012–2016

16

2.86 ± 0.74

5

3.21 ± 2.51

21

2.94 ± 1.30

0.941

Sperm concentration (million/ml):

  ≤ 2001

21

93.39 ± 37.91

4

55.38 ± 43.51

25

87.31 ± 40.45

0.008

 2002–2006

14

81.26 ± 24.73

6

42.43 ± 26.98

20

69.61 ± 30.72*

0.004

 2007–2011

42

73.46 ± 22.80

27

37.05 ± 26.33

69

59.22 ± 29.98**

0.008

 2012–2016

35

82.77 ± 30.20

22

34.65 ± 23.43

57

64.19 ± 36.31*

0.001

Total motility (%):

  ≤ 2001

15

64.20 ± 13.84

2

41.05 ± 6.58

17

61.48 ± 15.15

< 0.001

 2002–2006

12

67.12 ± 11.63

4

39.01 ± 9.39

16

60.09 ± 16.58

< 0.001

 2007–2011

31

68.93 ± 9.48

18

47.93 ± 13.87

49

61.22 ± 15.13

0.003

 2012–2016

31

64.56 ± 10.50

20

33.43 ± 11.62

51

52.35 ± 18.79

< 0.001

Rapid linear progressive motility (%):

  ≤ 2001

4

54.02 ± 17.84

2

45.07 ± 8.58

6

51.04 ± 15.07

0.399

 2002–2006

4

58.31 ± 13.42

2

18.00 ± 21.21

6

44.88 ± 25.13

0.009

 2007–2011

13

57.17 ± 11.28

12

28.46 ± 12.79

25

43.39 ± 18.79

0.065

 2012–2016

9

42.96 ± 19.21

5

19.01 ± 18.06

14

34.41 ± 21.67

0.069

Normal morphology (%):

  ≤ 2001

13

70.29 ± 19.46

4

45.84 ± 14.66

17

64.54 ± 20.94

0.088

 2002–2006

11

56.36 ± 19.08

4

31.28 ± 19.16

15

49.67 ± 21.69

0.054

 2007–2011

16

59.86 ± 19.80

14

47.09 ± 24.55

30

53.90 ± 22.69

0.343

 2012–2016

22

46.49 ± 16.98

13

23.59 ± 13.46

35

37.99 ± 19.18**

0.064

Viability (%):

  ≤ 2001

6

73.71 ± 10.67

3

57.48 ± 10.93

9

68.30 ± 12.92

0.100

 2002–2006

8

69.86 ± 7.96

2

56.90 ± 7.64

10

67.27 ± 9.25

0.154

 2007–2011

9

75.63 ± 8.68

5

54.86 ± 18.17

14

68.21 ± 15.96

0.060

 2012–2016

7

71.02 ± 6.05

4

53.24 ± 8.46

11

64.56 ± 11.13

0.122

  1. Data were expressed as n (number of studies/data sets), Mean ± SD (standard deviation). Groups were compared by ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls test. *p < 0.05 0r **p < 0.01- as compared to ≤2001 (total population)
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Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

ISSN: 1477-7827

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