Table 3 Characteristics of datasets that addressed the relationship between the spontaneous AR% and FR
First author and year | Country | Design | N | Preparation method | Assay method | FR cut-off value | AR cut-off value | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fénichel 1991 [47] | France | Prospective cohort | 41 | Swim up | GB24 | >  0% vs. = 0% | ② | |
Takahashi 1993 [40] | Japan | Prospective cohort | 45 | Discontinuous gradient | FITC-Con A | <  50%③ | %AR ≥ 10% at 2 h or ≤ 5% at 4 h③ | ③ |
Parinaud 1993a [37] | France | Prospective cohort | 53 | Discontinuous gradient | FITC-PNA | >  0% vs. = 0%② | ② | |
Parinaud 1993b [37] | France | Prospective cohort | 53 | Discontinuous gradient | GB24 | >  0% vs. = 0%② | ② | |
Parinaud 1995 [41] | Monaco | Prospective cohort | 117 | Discontinuous gradient | F1TC-GB24 | Wholea | â‘ | |
Parinaud 1995 [42] | Monaco | Prospective cohort | 131 | Discontinuous gradient | FITC-GB24 | >  0% vs. = 0%② | ② | |
Krausz 1996 [39] | Italy | Prospective cohort | 59 | Swim up | FITC-PNA | ≥ 50% vs. <  50%② | ② | |
Hershlag 1997 [44] | USA | Prospective cohort | 74 | Swim up | TRITC-PSA | Wholeâ‘ | â‘ | |
Fujino 1997 [22] | Japan | Prospective cohort | 30 | Discontinuous gradient + Swim up | Two stain (new-methylene blue and cresyl violet) Blutstan kit | Wholeâ‘ | â‘ | |
Rufas 1998 [64] | Israel | Prospective cohort | 62 | Discontinuous gradient | FITC-PSA | >  0% vs. = 0%② | ② | |
Kawamoto 1999 [29] | Japan | Prospective cohort | 34 | Swim up | MH61 | >  0% vs. = 0%② | ② | |
Bastiaan 2003 [63] | South Africa | Prospective cohort | 30 | Swim up | FITC-PSA | >  50% vs. <  50%② | ② | |
El-Ghobashy 2003 [33] | UK | Prospective cohort | 75 | Swim up | FITC-PSA | ≥ 50% vs. <  50%② | ② | |
Wiser 2014 [36] | Israel | Prospective cohort | 40 | Not reported | FITC-PSA | ≤ 35%③ | ≤10%③ | ③ |