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Table 2 Associations between SSBs and low testosterone levels

From: Sugar-sweetened beverage intake and serum testosterone levels in adult males 20–39 years old in the United States

 

Univariate

Multivariate

OR (95% CI)

p-value

aOR (95% CI)

p-value

SSBs (kcal/day)

 Q1 (≤137.0)

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Q2 (138.0–272.0)

2.12 (0.72,6.28)

0.162

1.96 (0.84,4.59)

0.111

 Q3 (273.0–441.0)

2.26 (0.54,9.45)

0.246

2.20 (0.56,8.70)

0.244

 Q4 (442.0+)

2.78 (1.04,7.45)

0.043*

2.29 (1.04,5.02)

0.041a

 Age

1.06 (0.99,1.12)

0.075

1.04 (0.97,1.12)

0.221

Race

 Non-Hispanic White

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Mexican American

0.56 (0.13,2.51)

0.429

0.42 (0.10,1.81)

0.225

 Other Hispanic

1.47 (0.41,5.28)

0.531

1.05 (0.28,3.93)

0.937

 Non-Hispanic Black

0.93 (0.37,2.38)

0.881

0.80 (0.31,2.08)

0.635

 Other race

0.59 (0.25,1.39)

0.207

0.61 (0.26,1.42)

0.233

 Income/poverty ratio

0.87 (0.69,1.10)

0.238

0.89 (0.72,1.10)

0.274

 Serum cotinine (ng/mL)

1.002 (0.9995,1.01)

0.095

1.002 (0.998,1.01)

0.353

BMI

  < 25 kg/m2

Reference

 

Reference

 

  ≥ 25 kg/m2

3.80 (1.12,12.91)

0.034*

3.68 (1.04,13.01)

0.044a

Heavy drinker

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Yes

0.35 (0.09,1.37)

0.124

0.40 (0.10,1.63)

0.187

Physical activity

  ≥ 500 MET-min/week

Reference

 

Reference

 

  < 500 MET-min/week

1.50 (0.73,3.08)

0.247

1.19 (0.63,2.28)

0.572

  1. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (kg/m2); CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; SSBs, sugar-sweetened beverages; MET, metabolic equivalent of task
  2. a Significant factors, p < 0.05.
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Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

ISSN: 1477-7827

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