Fig. 6From: Regulation of kisspeptin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone expression in rat placenta: study using primary cultures of rat placental cellsSchematic summary of the present study. Hypothalamic peptides, GnRH, kisspeptin, and NKB, were detected in primary cultures of placental cells. All of these peptides were up-regulated by estradiol (E2). GnRH expression was not regulated by kisspeptin, but was regulated by GnRH itself and NKB. Kisspeptin expression was up-regulated by GnRH and NKB. All of these neuropeptides increased hCG expression in placental cellsBack to article page