Table 1 Feeder-free culture systems using extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins or biological substrates

Matrigel-mouse

hESC

MEF –CM⁴ (basal medium DMEM+ KSR⁵) bFGF

Y

N

N

180 days

[6]

Matrigel-mouse

hESC/

DMEM/F12

Y

N

N

20 passages

[102]

hiPSC

Dorsomorphin, IWP-2, bFGF,, TGF-β1, Activin

ECM from embryoid body (e-ECM)

hESC

TeSR2

Y

Y

Y

20 passages

[65]

Human fibronectin

hESC

DMEM/KSR

Y

N

N

>47 passages

[69]

bFGF,, TGF-β1 (+/− LIF)

>180 days

Laminin

hESC

DMEM/KSR

Y

N

N

>20 passages

[51]

bFGF, Activin

Laminin,vitronectin, fibronctin and collagen IV (defined human ECM)

hESc

TeSR1

Y

N

Y

11–25 passages

[70]

Human placental ECM

hESC

XF medium -Human plasma extract, with DMEM/F12 base, bFGF, TGFβ

N

N

Y

39 passages

[68]

Laminin isoforms 111,332,511

hESC/

MEF –CM (basal medium DMEM+ KSR⁵)

N

N

N

10 passages

[72]

hiPSC

bFGF

Laminin E8 fragments (LM-E8)

hESC/

mTeSR1,

Y

N

N

[74]

hiPSC

StemPro,

Y

N

N

10–30 passages

TeSR2

Y

Y

Y

E-cadherin

hESC

mTeSR1

Y

N

N

>90 days

[79]

hiPSC

Laminin-511

hESC

TeSR1

Y

N

Y

20 passages

[71]

Laminin-521/E-cadherin matrix

hESC

mTeSR1,

Y

N

N

35 passages

[80]

hiPSC

TeSR2,

Y

Y

Y

12–15 passages

Vitronectin

hESC

mTeSR1

Y

N

N

10 passages

[82]

Vitronectin- truncated

hESC

E8 medium

Y

Y

Y

>25 passages

[83]

hiPSC

Fibronectin,, laminin and vitronectin

hESC

DMEM/F12 +/− bFGF

Y

Y

Y

>24 passages

[87]

Wnt/ID8

Recombinant human vitronectin

hESC/

E8 medium

Y

Y

Y

>30 passages

[85]

Alginate microencapsulation

hESC

MEF-CM (basal medium DMEM//KSR)

Y

N

N

14 days

[126]

Alginate encapsulation of hESC on

bFGF

Y

N

N

19 days

Matrigel coated microcarriers

Aliginate-chitosan scaffold-3D

hESC

DMEM/F12 + KSR + FBS + bFGF

Y

N

N

21 days

[114]

Alginate-chitosan microfiber scaffold-3D

hiPSC

mTeSR1

Y

N

N

10 passages

[115]

ROCK inhibitor

Alginate encapsulated

hESC

DMEM + KSR + bFGF

Y

N

N

>260 days

[116]

Nanofibrillar cellulose

hESC

mTeSR1

Y

N

N

>26 days

[117]

Aggregates/ in suspension Fibronectin and laminin present

hESC

Neural basal medium.Neutrodoma-CS

Y

N

Y

>10 weeks

[128]

bFGF, Activin, Neurotrophins BDNF, NT3, NT4

Aggregates in suspension

hESC

mTESR1

Y

N

N

20–50 passages

[131]

Polymer to prevent fusion/

hiPSC/

StemPro

Y

N

N

DE-53 Matrigel coated cellulose microcarrier

hESC

mTeSR1

Y

N

N

25 passages

[125]

StemPro

Y

N

N

Artificial spider silk + vitronectin

hESC/

Nutirstem XF/FF

Y

N

Y

>30 passages

[93]

hiPSC