Specific analysis | Nature of differential change [Number of genes] | Top enriched pathways | [Gene symbol(s) of major candidate(s)] | (p-value) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pooled | Up-regulated [50] | WNT signaling | [NRCAM, WNT16] | (0) |
 |  | DNA damage-induced responses and apoptosis | [CHEK1] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Role of 14-3-3 proteins in cell cycle regulation | [CHEK1] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Cadherins mediated cell adhesion | [CHP] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Endothelial cell contacts by non-junctional mechanisms | [CHP] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Role of SCF complex in cell cycle regulation | [CHEK1] | (<0.03) |
 |  | ATM/ATR regulation of cell cycle | [CHEK1] | (<0.04) |
 |  | nNOS signaling in neuronal synapses | [RASD1] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Activation of astroglial cell proliferation by ACM3 | [ERBB3] | (<0.04) |
 |  | G-protein signaling in RhoA regulation pathway | [ARHGAP26] | (<0.04) |
 |  | CDK5 in apoptosis and survival | [ERBB3] | (<0.04) |
 |  | ERBB-family signaling | [ERBB3] | (<0.05) |
 |  | Regulation of ElF2 activity associated with translation | [CSNK1G1] | (<0.05) |
 |  | Ligand-independent activation of ESR1 and ESR2 | [ERBB3] | (<0.05) |
 |  | Non-genomic action of androgen receptor | [WNT16] | (<0.05) |
 | Down-regulated [41] | Regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism | [APOE] | (0) |
 |  | GDNF signaling | [ITGB1] | (<0.04) |
 |  | Immune response involving antigen presentation by MHC class I | [HLA-C] | (0.05) |
 |  | Chemotaxis involving CCR4-induced leukocyte adhesion | [ITGB1] | (<0.05) |
Stage 3 | Up-regulated [4] | No specific enriched category identified | Â | Â |
 | Down-regulated [48] | Cytoskeleton remodeling involving RalB and RalA regulation pathway | [RALGDS] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Clathrin coated vesicle formation | [MYO1D] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Transcriptional silencing involving HP1 family | [PFDN5] | (<0.02) |
 |  | G-protein signaling involving interaction among Ras-family GTPases and K-RAS/N-RAS/H_RAS regulation pathway | [RALGDS] | (<0.03) |
Stage 4 | Up-regulated [31] | Cell contraction involving relaxin and GPCRs | [ADCY6, EDNRA, RXFP1] | (0) |
 |  | Development involving endothelin-1/EDNRA signaling | [ADCY6, EDNRA] | (0) |
 |  | DNA damage induced apoptosis and DNA repair | [NBN] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Beta-2 adrenergic dependent CFTR expression | [ADCY6] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Regulation of lipid metabolism | [PPARA] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor signaling | [ADCY6] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Mu- and kappa-type opioid receptor mediated physiological process | [ADCY6] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Mucin expression via IL-6, IL-17 signaling pathways | [TRAF3IP2] | (<0.04) |
 |  | G-protein signaling | [ADCY6] | (<0.04) |
 | Down-regulated [3] | Transport from Golgi and ER to the apical membrane | [PPIA] | (0) |
 |  | Intracellular cholesterol and sphingolipids transport | [PPIA] | (<0.01) |
Proliferative phase | Up-regulated [109] | RAS regulation pathway | [BCR, RASGRF1] | (0) |
 |  | TC21 regulation pathway | [BCR, RASGRF1] | (0) |
 |  | Regulation of CDC42 activity | [BCR, FGFR1] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Sin3 and NuRD mediated transcription regulation | [CHD3, SIN3A] | (<0.01) |
 |  | GDNF family signaling | [GFRA2, NRTN] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Phospholipid metabolism | [GPD2, NRTN] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Immune response involving CD40 signaling | [IRF1, TRAF3IP2] | (<0.02) |
 | Down-regulated [20] | Cytoskeleton remodeling involving α-1A adrenergic receptor |  |  |
 |  | Dependent inhibition of PI3K and regulation of actin by Rho GTPases | [LAMB1, MYL12B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Cell contraction involving δ-type opioid receptor, S1P2 receptor, ACM | [MYL12B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Development associated MAG dependent inhibition of neurite outgrowth | [MYL12B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Development associated with TGF-beta dependent induction of EMT via RhoA, PI3K and ILK | [TPM1] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Cell adhesion involving histamine H1 receptor | [MYL12B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Cell adhesion and chemotaxis involving integrin | [LAMB1, MYL12B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Chemotaxis involving inhibitory action of lipoxins on IL-8 and leukotriene B4-induced neutrophil migration | [MYL12B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | GPCRs in platelet aggregation | [MYL12B] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Immune response involving CCR3 signaling in eosinophils | [MYL12B] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Oxidative phosphorylation | [UQCR11] | (<0.03) |
Secretory phase | Up-regulated [17] | Transport involving RAN regulation pathway | [TNPO1] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Immune response involving MIF-JAB1 signaling | [PGR] | (<0.01) |
 |  | nNOS signaling in neuronal synapses and circadian rhythm | [RASD1] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Cell cycle associated spindle assembly and chromosome separation | [TNPO1] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Regulation of lipid metabolism | [TNPO1] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Regulation of glycogen metabolism | [AGL] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Progesterone mediated maturation | [PGR] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Cell adhesion associated ECM remodeling | [MME] | (<0.03) |
 |  | TGF-beta receptor signaling in development | [TNPO1] | (<0.03) |
 | Down-regulated [122] | Cell contraction involving δ-type opioid receptor | [MYL9] | (0) |
 |  | Development associated Slit-Robo signaling | [DPYSL2, ROBO3] | (<0) |
 |  | Insulin mediated regulation of translation | [ElF4EBP1, PPP1CC] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Leukotriene 4 biosynthesis and metabolism | [GGT5, LTA4H] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Chemotaxis involving inhibitory action of lipoxins on IL-8 and leukotriene B4-induced neutrophil migration | [MYL9, RAC2) | (<0.01) |
 |  | Endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway | [ATF4, PPP1CC] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Immune response involving CCR3 signaling in eosinophils | [MYL9, RAC2] | (<0.03) |
 |  | GTP-XTP metabolism | [GUK1, NME3, POLR3H] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Cytoskeleton remodeling via RalB regulation pathway | [RALGDS] | (<0.04) |
Eutopic | Up-regulated [182] | Cytoskeleton remodeling involving ACM3 and ACM4 | [CHRM4, GNAQ] | (0) |
 |  | G-protein signaling involving regulation of cAMP levels by ACM | [CHRM4, GNAQ] | (0) |
 |  | Transcription involving Tubby signaling and HP1 family | [GNAQ] | (0) |
 |  | Regulation of lipid metabolism involving G-alpha(q) regulation | [GNAQ, PTGS2] | (0) |
 |  | Cell contacts by non-junctional mechanisms | [ITGA5, MAG1, PECAM1] | (<0.01) |
 |  | NMDA –dependent neurophysiological process | [GNAQ, GRIN2A] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Cell cycle at metaphase check point | [CBX3, INCENP] | (<0.01) |
 |  | G-protein signaling involving Rap1A regulation pathways | [MAGI1, RAPGEF1] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Regulation of translation through EIF4F activity | [EIF4A2] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Regulation of translation by alpha-1 adrenergic receptors | [EIF4A2, GNAQ] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Development involving endothelin-1/EDNRA signaling | [GNAQ, NPPB] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Cytoskeleton remodeling via FAK signalin | [GNAQ, RAPGEF1] | (<0.04) |
 |  | Immune response involving PGE2 common pathways | [GNAQ, PTGS2] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Immune response involving IL-17 signaling pathways | [CXCL3, PTGS2] | (<0.04) |
 |  | Cell contraction via oxytocin signaling | [GNAQ, PTGS2] | (<0.04) |
 |  | Transcription via PPAR pathway | [MED1, PTGS2] | (<0.04) |
 |  | Regulation of lipid metabolism through alpha-1 adrenergic receptors signaling via arachidonic acid | [GNAQ, PTGS2] | (<0.05) |
 | Down-regulated [48] | Cell cycle regulation involving SCF complex | [CDC34, NEDD8, UBA52] | (0) |
 |  | p53 regulation involving SUMO | [UBA52] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Regulation of degradation and traffic of CFTR | [DYNLL1, UBA52] | (<0.02) |
 |  | WNT signaling pathway involving degradation of bete-catenin | [UBA52] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Transcriptional silencing involving HP1 family | [PFDN5] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Immune response involving IL-12 and MIF-JAB1 signaling pathways | [UBA52] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Angiotensin signaling via beta-arrestin | [CLTA, UBA52] | (<0.03) |
 |  | ATM/ATR regulation of G1/S and G2/M checkpoints | [UBA52] | (<0.04) |
 |  | NGF signaling for apoptosis and survival | [EPB41L1] |  |
 |  | and activation of NF-kB | [UBA52] | (<0.04) |
 |  | Neurophysiological process involving GABA-A receptor life cycle | [CLTA] | (<0.04) |
 |  | Regulation of translation initiation | [EIF1, RPL7, RPL12, RPL15, RPL21, RPL22, RPL29, RPS3A, RPS10, RPS14, UBA52] | (<0.04) |
 |  | Transition and termination of DNA replication | [UBA52] | (<0.04) |
 |  | Activin A signaling regulation | [UBA52] | (<0.05) |
Ectopic | Up-regulated [665] | Beta-2 adrenergic-dependent CFTR expression | [ADCY2, ADRB3, CREB1, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (0) |
 |  | Mu-type opioid receptor mediated neurophysiological process | [ADCY2, ADCY5, CREB1, HPCA, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (0) |
 |  | Development involving alpha-1 and beta-adrenergic receptors signaling via cAMP and PIP3 signaling | [ADCY2, ADCY5, AKT3, CREB1, FOXO3, GAB1, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B, YWHAE] | (0) |
 |  | Cell adhesion involving ephrin signaling | [ADAM10, EFNA5, EPHA4, EPHB6] | (0) |
 |  | Transport involving RAB3 regulation pathway | [DMXL2, RAB3B] | (0) |
 |  | Neurophysiological process involving corticoliberin signaling via CRHR1 | [ADCY2, ADCY5, CACNA1C, CREB1, PRKAR2B, IVL] | (0) |
 |  | Signal transduction involving cAMP and PKA signaling | [ADCY2, ADCY5, CACNA1C, CREB1, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B, PCTK1] | (0) |
 |  | G-protein signaling involving G-Protein beta/gamma signaling cascades | [ADCY2, ADCY5, AKT3, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (0) |
 |  | G-protein signaling involving RhoA regulation pathway | [ARHGEF2, EFNA5, EPHA4, MCF2L] | (0) |
 |  | eNOS activity in cell contraction | [ADCY5, CACNA1C, PRKAR1B,PRKAR2B, PRKG1] | (0) |
 |  | MAG-dependent inhibition of neurite outgrowth | [NGFR, PSEN2, RASGRF1] | (0) |
 |  | Neurophysiological process involving delta-type opioid receptor | [ADCY2, CREB1, HPCA, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Neurophysiological process involving HTR1A receptor signaling | [ADCY2, ADCY5, HPCA, HTR1A, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Neurophysiological process involving melatonin signaling | [ADCY2, ADCY5, CREB1, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B, RORA] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Neurophysiological process involving dopamine D2 receptor signaling | [ADCY2, ADCY5, CACNA1C, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Neurophysiological process in circadian rhythm | [ADCAY1, CLOCK, CREB1, CACNA1C, RORA] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor regulation of ion channels | [ADCY5, AKT3, CACNA1C, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | NGF signaling pathway in apoptosis and survival | [AKT3, CAD, GAB1] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Transcription involving CREB pathway |  | (<0.01) |
 |  | Role of activin A in cell differentiation and proliferation | [ADCY2, ADCY5, CREB1, NR5A1/SF1, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | GH-RH signaling | [ADCY2, ADCY5, CACNA1C, CREB1, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | ZNF202 in regulation of expression of genes involved in atherosclerosis | [ADRB3, APOL2, LPL] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Regulation of lipid metabolism by niacin and isoprenaline | [ADCY2, ADCY5, ADRB3, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Ligand-independent activation of ESR1 and ESR2 | [ADCY2, ADCY5, AKT3, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Relaxin signaling pathway | [ADCY5, AKT3, CREB1, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Melanocyte development and pigmentation | [AKT3, CREB1, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B, PRKG1] | (<0.01) |
 | Down-regulated [18] | Immune response involving antigen presentation by MHC class I | [PDIA3] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Vitamin B6 metabolism | [PHPT1] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Blood coagulation and platelet degranulation | [F13A1] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Cholesterol and sphingolipids intracellular transport | [PPIA] | (<0.03) |
 |  | GSL metabolism |  | (<0.05) |
Eutopic | Up-regulated [19] | Cell cycle at initiation of mitosis and regulation of G1/S transition | [LMNB2, PPP2R3A] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Dopamine D2 receptor transactivation of PDGF receptor | [PPP2R3A] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Apoptosis and survival involving caspase cascade, FAS signaling cascade and HTR1A signaling and anti-apoptosis by external signals via NF-kB | [LMNB2, PPP2R3A] | (<0.01) |
 |  | G-protein signaling involving regulation CDC42 activity | [ARHGAP17] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Gultamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor signaling | [PPP2R3A] | (<0.01) |
 |  | PKA signaling | [PPP2R3A] | (<0.02) |
 | Down-regulated [56] | Translation involving regulation of ElF2 | [PPP1CC] | (0) |
 |  | DNA damage involving NHEJ mechanisms of DSBs repair | [CSNK2A2] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Cytoskeleton remodeling involving activin A | [FNTA] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Olfactory transduction | [OR2H1] | (<0.02) |
 |  | Cell cycle involving chromosome condensation in prometaphase, sister chromatic cohesion, regulation of S phase and initiation of mitosis | [HIST1H1C] | (<0.03) |
 |  | Cadherin mediated cell adhesion | [PTPRF] | (<0.03) |
 |  | GABA-A receptor mediated neurophysiological process | [PPP1C] | (<0.03) |
 |  | MAG-dependent inhibition of neurite outgrowth | [MAG] | (<0.05) |
 |  | Cell adhesion via PLAU signaling | [CSNK2A2] | (<0.05) |
Ectopic | Up-regulated [0] | Â | Â | Â |
 | Down-regulated [91] | G-protein signaling involving Rap2A regulation pathway and G-protein alpha-s signaling cascade | [PRKAR2B, RAPGEF3] | (0) |
 |  | Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis | [ENO2] | (0) |
 |  | cAMP-Ca+2-dependent signal transduction | [PRKAR2B, RAPGEF3] | (<0.01) |
 |  | G protein mediated regulation of MAPK-ERK signaling | [PRKAR2B, RAPGEF3] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Development involving MAG, PACAP signaling, activin A, A2A and A2B receptor signaling and Hedgehog signaling | [MYH14, NANOG, NTF3, PRKAR2B, RAPGEF3] | (<0.01) |
 |  | Regulation of eNOS activity | [PRKAR2B] | (<0.01) |
 |  | CCR3 signaling in eosinophils | [FGR, MYH14] | (<0.02) |
 |  | NMDA dependent neurophysiological process | [PRKAR2B, RAPGEF3] | (<0.03) |
 |  |  |  | (<0.03) |
 |  | CFTR expression, maturation and activity | [HSPA6, PRKAR2B] | (<0.03) |