Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies
Authors | Year | Inclusion criteria | Number of participants | Ovarian stimulation protocol | AMH levels (ng/ml) | NOS score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liu et al. | 2022 | Not mentioned | Low-AMH group (the 0-25th percentile) (n = 746); average-AMH group (the 25th-75th percentile) (n = 1486); high-AMH group (the 75th-100th percentile) (n = 741) | Standardized luteal phase downregulation protocol with GnRH agonist protocol | 25th: 2.25; 75th: 5.71 | 8 |
Tabibnejad et al. | 2018 | PCOS patients aged < 43 years; had fewer than three previous failed IVF/ICSI cycles; scheduled for day 3 embryo transfer | 50 PCOS patients | The majority (90%) were stimulated using an antagonist protocol, and the others received an antagonist protocol (3%) or a microdose flare protocol (7%) | PCOS group mean AMH (SD): 7.67 (4.78) | 5 |
Tal et al. | 2020 | PCOS patients underwent their first fresh IVF/ICSI cycles | Low-AMH group (the 0-25th percentile) (n = 46); average-AMH group (the 25th-75th percentile) (n = 92); high-AMH group (> 75th percentile) (n = 46) | The stimulation protocol included either pituitary downregulation via GnRH agonist in a long protocol or a GnRH antagonist to prevent premature ovulation | 25th: 3.32; 75th: 8.27 | 5 |
Guo et al. | 2021 | PCOS patients underwent their first fresh IVF/ICSI cycles | Low-AMH group (the 0-25th percentile) (n = 611); average-AMH group (the 25th-75th percentile) (n = 1216); high-AMH group (> 75th percentile) (n = 609) | All enrolled patients received GnRH agonist or antagonist protocol | 25th: 6.77; 75th: 14.30 | 6 |
Kaya et al. | 2010 | PCOS patients underwent COH in ICSI cycles | Low-AMH group (the 0-25th percentile) (21 cycles); average-AMH group (the 25th-75th percentile) (39 cycles); high-AMH group (> 75th percentage) (20 cycles) | All patients received a standard GnRH agonist protocol | 25th: 2.54; 75th: 3.85 | 5 |
Arslanca et al. | 2021 | PCOS patients underwent FET cycles | Group 1: 75th–90th percentile (Group 1) (n = 66); higher than the 90th percentile (Group 2)(n = 44) | Not mentioned | 75th: 6.12; 90th: 8.12 | 6 |
Xi et al. | 2012 | PCOS patients aged < 43 years; underwent first IVF cycle | Low-AMH group (the 0-25th percentile) (n = 41); average-AMH group (the 25th-75th percentile) (n = 82); high-AMH group (> 75th percentile) (n = 41) | Long downregulation protocol | 25th: 4.85; 75th: 8.82 | 7 |
Du et al. | 2021 | PCOS patients underwent IVF cycles | The patients were divided into two groups: Group A (n = 90): The AMH serum levels in group A patients were less than 6.99 ng/ml Group B (n = 110): The AMH serum levels in group B patients were greater or equal to 6.99 ng/ml | Not mentioned | 25th: 2.71; 75th: 6.45 | 9 |
Ho et al. | 2018 | PCOS patients aged 18–42 years; underwent IVM | Not mentioned | Women received injections of FSH 100 IU/day on cycle days 3, 4 and 5 and were given an injection of hCG 10,000 IU on cycle day 6. Oocyte pick-up (OPU) was scheduled for 36 h later | Mean AMH (SD) for all participants: 12.3 (3.6) | 6 |
Hu et al. | 2018 | Women who undergo IVF treatment and fresh embryo transfer | 75-90th percentile (n = 117) and 90-100th percentile (n = 41) | Ovarian stimulation was achieved using recombinant FSH or human menopausal gonadotrophin with various flexible protocols | 75th: 4.97; 90th: 7.99 | 6 |
Du et al. | 2021 | PCOS women who undergo IVF/ICSI treatment, fresh embryo transfer and singleton delivery | BMI < 24; AMH levels: < 2.71 ng/ml (n = 333), 2.71–4.08 ng/ml (n = 330), 4.09–6.45 ng/ml (n = 351), > 6.45 ng/ml (n = 325). BMI ≥ 24; AMH levels: < 2.71 ng/ml, 2.71–4.08 ng/ml, 4.09–6.45 ng/ml, > 6.45 ng/ml | All patients received a standard GnRH agonist protocol | Cutoff value: 6.99 | 6 |
Sahmay et al. | 2013 |  < 40 years of age, FSH < 15 mIU/mL, had normal PRL and TSH levels, no previous history of ovarian surgery | Low-AMH group (the 0-25th percentile) (n = 36); average-AMH group (the 25th-75th percentile) (n = 77); high-AMH group (the 75th-100th percentile) (n = 37) | All women underwent gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRHa) agonist | 25th: 4.23; 75th: 8.66 | 7 |
Kamel et al. | 2016 | Aged 20–39 years, undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles | The patients were divided into two groups. Group A (n = 524): AMH < 4.6 ng/ml Group B (n = 452): AMH > 4.6 ng/ml | All women underwent the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol | Cutoff value: 4.60 | 6 |
Muharam et al. | 2022 | Aged 24–41 years, underwent an IVF cycle with (1) serum AMH level > 4 ng/ml and (2) underwent the GnRH antagonist protocol | Not mentioned | All patients received a standard GnRH agonist protocol | PCOS mean AMH (SD): 7.59 (4.61) | 5 |
Acharya et al. | 2022 | Aged < 44 years with an AMH level of ≥ 5 ng/m, undergoing their first fresh autologous IVF cycles | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Median AMH (IQR) of all participants: 7.1 (5.8–9.5) | 7 |
Arabzadeh et al. | 2010 | Aged 21–37 years with BMI between 17 and 32 | Control group (n = 42); PCOS (n = 26) | All women underwent gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol | Not mentioned | 5 |
Hsu et al. | 2018 | Not mentioned | Term Deliveries (n = 392); Preterm Deliveries (n = 40) | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | 6 |
Chen et al. | 2017 | Patients with PCOS, fallopian tube problems without PCOS, or treatment due to male infertility without PCOS | PCOS (n = 59); Control (n = 120) | Agonist protocol (n = 30); Antagonist protocol (n = 29) | PCOS mean AMH (SD): 11.86 (4.79) | 5 |
Guan et al. | 2022 | Women (≥ 35 years) with PCOS and women with tubal factor infertility, underwent their first fresh cycles and subsequent frozen cycles | PCOS (n = 106); Tubal infertility group (n = 1073) | The protocol used for controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) was a long gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-agonist protocol for IVF or ICSI | PCOS mean AMH (SD): 45.07 (24.02) (pmol/L) | 6 |