Optimisation of an oviposition protocol employing human chorionic and pregnant mare serum gonadotropins in the Barred Frog Mixophyes fasciolatus (Myobatrachidae)

Clulow, John; Clulow, Simon; Guo, Jitong; French, Andrew J; Mahony, Michael J; Archer, Michael

doi:10.1186/1477-7827-10-60

Table 2 Results of attempts to induce oviposition in amphibians other than Xenopus with hCG

From: Optimisation of an oviposition protocol employing human chorionic and pregnant mare serum gonadotropins in the Barred Frog Mixophyes fasciolatus (Myobatrachidae)

Species	Priming or co-administered agent	hCG [dose or source]*	Oviposition**	References
Bufo americanus		Human pregnant urine	None	[2]
B. americanus	No priming	100 IU, Day 1	None	[38]
	No priming	400-1000 IU, Day 1	about 60%, Day 2
	Priming Day −2 [LH 50 ug, or LHRH 50 ug, or eCG 50 IU, or hCG 50 IU]	500 IU, Day 1	≤ 60%, Day 2
B. arenarum		Human pregnant urine	None	[2]
B. baxteri	4.0 ug LHRHa, Day 1 [no priming]	500 IU, Day 1	None	[35]
	0.8 ug LHRHa, Day −4	100 IU, Day −4	70%, Day 1-2
	4.0 ug LHRHa, Day 1	500 IU, Day 1
	4.0 ug LHRHa, Day 1	[total = 600 IU]
	4.0 ug LHRHa, Day −6	500 IU, Day −6	80%, Day 1-2
	0.8 ug LHRHa, Day −4	100 IU, Day −4
	4.0 ug LHRHa, Day 1	500 IU, Day 1
	4.0 ug LHRHa, Day 1	[total = 1100 IU]
B. calamita		Human pregnant urine	None	[2]
B. fowleri		Human pregnant urine	+	[2]
B. fowleri	60 ug LHRHa, 5 mg progesterone, 0.25 mg pimozide, Day 1	500 IU, Day 1	85%, Day 1-2	[39]
	4 ug LHRHa, Day −1	500 IU, Day −1	29%, Day 1-2
	4 ug LHRHa, Day 1	500 IU, Day 1
	4 ug LHRHa, Day 1	[total = 1000 IU]
B. vulgaris		Human pregnant urine	None	[2]
Eleutherodactylus coqui		25-140 IU, Day 1	None	[40]
Eleutherodactylus coqui		165-200 IU, Day 1	Day 2, weak response (2/6 females)	[40]
Hyla aurea	Pregnant mare serum	-	+	[2]
Litoria aurea	5 ug LHRHa, Day −4.5	300 IU, Day 1	Weak; 1% of normal egg release (2/5 females)	[41]
	5 ug LHRHa, Day −1.5
	10 ug LHRHa, Day −0.5
	20 ug LHRHa, Day 1
Litoria moorei	No benefit of including progesterone	100-200 IU, Day −2	Weak; few eggs in 1/14 females	[41]
Litoria moorei	No benefit of including progesterone	500–750 IU, Day 1	Weak; few eggs in 1/14 females	[41]
Litoria raniformis	10 ug LHRHa, Day −4	500 IU, Day −4	None	[42]
	10 ug LHRHa, Day −2	500 IU, Day −2
	10 ug LHRHa, Day 1	500 IU, Day 1
Rana catesbeiana		Human pregnant urine	+	[2]
R. catesbeiana	Pregnant mare serum	-	+	[2]
R. clamitans		Human pregnant urine	None	[2]
R. temporaria		Human pregnant urine	None	[2]
R. esculenta		Human pregnant urine	None	[2]
R. pipiens		Human pregnant urine	None	[2]
R. pipiens	Pregnant mare serum	-	None	[2]
R. sevosa	3-4 ug LHRH, Day −3	100 IU, Day −3	+	[37]
R. sevosa	15–20 ug LHRH, Day 1	500 IU, Day 1	+	[37]
R. vulgaris		Human pregnant urine	None	[2]
Urodeles
Ambystoma tigrinum		Human pregnant urine	+	[2]
Triturus pyrrogaster		Human pregnant urine	+	[2]
T. torosus;	Pregnant mare serum	-	None	[2]
T. similans;
T. rivularis
T. viridescens		Human pregnant urine	+	[2]

Results of attempts to induce oviposition utilising hCG administration in amphibian species other than Xenopus with, or without, priming with hCG or other agents. * Day of final hCG injection expressed as Day 1, with administration of compounds on days prior to Day 1 expressed as negative values (to facilitate comparison between studies listed in Tables 1 and 2); hCG administered as either reconstituted or synthetic hCG (dose in IU) or as direct injection of pregnant human urine (dose unknown). ** Oviposition: “+” = oviposition recorded; “None” = no oviposition recorded. Data from [2] for PMSG only inductions (no hCG) for some Rana species also shown. Species names are from original papers, however, some have since been renamed e.g. Rana pipiens now Lithobates pipiens by some [43].

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ISSN: 1477-7827

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