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Table 1 Patient clinical characteristics, cycle parameters and neonatal outcomes by different E2 level on hCG trigger day

From: E2 level > 2950 pg/ml on hCG trigger day is an independent predictor for birthweight loss of full-term singletons born after fresh embryo transfers in non-PCOS patients

Characteristics

≤2000 ng/ml

2001–3000 ng/ml

3001–4000 ng/ml

>4000 ng/ml

P value

(n = 462)

(n = 486)

(n = 453)

(n = 445)

Baseline characteristics

Maternal age (y)

32.05 ± 4.12

30.94 ± 3.90

30.45 ± 3.84

30.18 ± 3.67

< 0.001

Paternal age (y)

33.64 ± 5.01

32.53 ± 4.85

31.88 ± 4.52

31.78 ± 4.46

< 0.001

Maternal BMI (kg/m2)

22.64 ± 3.01

22.53 ± 3.34

21.97 ± 2.85

21.83 ± 3.18

< 0.001

Basal FSH (IU/L)

8.98 ± 3.19

7.53 ± 2.32

7.10 ± 1.75

6.99 ± 1.73

< 0.001

AMH (ng/ml)

1.62 ± 1.79

2.63 ± 2.00

3.52 ± 2.34

3.76 ± 2.17

< 0.001

Type of infertility

    

0.145

  Primary

216 (46.75%)

261 (53.70%)

224 (49.45%)

233 (52.36%)

 

  Secondary

246 (53.25%)

225 (46.30%)

229 (50.55%)

212 (47.64%)

 

Infertility duration (y)

3.89 ± 2.85

3.58 ± 2.63

3.54 ± 2.60

3.59 ± 2.68

0.166

Infertility cause

    

0.377

  Female

314 (67.97%)

304 (62.55%)

290 (64.02%)

288 (64.72%)

 

  Male

80 (17.32%)

105 (21.60%)

88 (19.43%)

89 (20.00%)

 

  Mixed

45 (9.74%)

44 (9.05%)

39 (8.61%)

47 (10.56%)

 

  Unexplained

23 (4.98%)

33 (6.79%)

36 (7.95%)

21 (4.72%)

 

Prior gonadotropin cycle

1.42 ± 0.76

1.19 ± 0.45

1.13 ± 0.40

1.13 ± 0.44

< 0.001

Ovarian stimulation parameters

COS protocols

    

< 0.001

  GnRH-a long protocol

196 (42.42%)

300 (61.73%)

345 (76.16%)

370 (83.15%)

 

  Antagnist protocol

266 (57.58%)

186 (38.27%)

108 (23.84%)

75 (16.85%)

 

Dosage of gonadotropins (IU)

2748.01 ± 1110.08

2407.71 ± 1118.06

2118.14 ± 1113.68

1807.56 ± 870.33

< 0.001

Stimulation duration (days)

10.82 ± 2.33

11.53 ± 2.03

12.05 ± 2.18

11.90 ± 2.06

< 0.001

E2 level on HCG day (pg/ml)

1413.19 ± 439.51

2493.55 ± 293.11

3477.02 ± 290.95

4697.74 ± 521.27

< 0.001

Number of oocytes retrieved

6.09 ± 3.00

9.48 ± 2.94

11.11 ± 3.06

12.18 ± 3.21

< 0.001

Retrieved MII Oocytes

5.30 ± 2.59

8.04 ± 2.64

9.49 ± 2.95

10.57 ± 3.20

< 0.001

Fertilization method

    

0.180

  IVF

319 (69.05%)

308 (63.37%)

294 (64.90%)

297 (66.74%)

 

  ICSI

128 (27.71%)

145 (29.84%)

132 (29.14%)

130 (29.21%)

 

  IVF + ICSI

15 (3.25%)

33 (6.79%)

27 (5.96%)

18 (4.04%)

 

Fertilization rate

85.10 ± 17.35

83.29 ± 15.39

81.58 ± 16.48

82.39 ± 15.86

0.008

Number of available embryos

3.07 ± 1.63

4.37 ± 2.20

4.96 ± 2.24

5.72 ± 2.51

< 0.001

Stage embryo transferred

    

< 0.001

  D3

429 (92.86%)

412 (84.77%)

363 (80.13%)

338 (75.96%)

 

  D5

33 (7.14%)

74 (15.23%)

90 (19.87%)

107 (24.04%)

 

Number of embryos transferred

    

0.011

  1

120 (25.97%)

108 (22.22%)

131 (28.92%)

139 (31.24%)

 

  2

339 (73.38%)

377 (77.57%)

322 (71.08%)

306 (68.76%)

 

  3

3 (0.65%)

1 (0.21%)

0 (0.00%)

0 (0.00%)

 

Endometrial thickness (mm)

9.81 ± 1.51

10.07 ± 1.57

9.97 ± 1.56

10.03 ± 1.48

0.057

Endometrial type

    

0.388

  A

5 (1.08%)

11 (2.26%)

5 (1.10%)

7 (1.57%)

 

  A-B

24 (5.19%)

22 (4.53%)

29 (6.40%)

29 (6.52%)

 

  B

149 (32.25%)

151 (31.07%)

128 (28.26%)

136 (30.56%)

 

  B-C

252 (54.55%)

269 (55.35%)

268 (59.16%)

234 (52.58%)

 

  C

32 (6.93%)

33 (6.79%)

23 (5.08%)

39 (8.76%)

 

Neonatal outcomes indicators

Gender of newborn

    

1.000

  Male

232 (50.22%)

244 (50.21%)

228 (50.33%)

223 (50.11%)

 

  Female

230 (49.78%)

242 (49.79%)

225 (49.67%)

222 (49.89%)

 

Newborn height

50.37 ± 1.73

50.40 ± 1.67

50.37 ± 1.88

50.54 ± 1.67

0.388

GA (week)

39.32 ± 0.99

39.38 ± 1.12

39.38 ± 1.14

39.38 ± 1.00

0.744

Birthweight (g)

3440.94 ± 449.91

3438.92 ± 388.16

3366.19 ± 447.61

3322.45 ± 415.85

0.021

Z-score

0.14 ± 1.14

0.13 ± 0.95

− 0.05 ± 1.10

−0.12 ± 0.97

0.004

Birthweight

    

0.040

  Normal birthweight

418 (90.48%)

450 (92.59%)

406 (89.62%)

400 (89.89%)

 

  Very low birth weight(<1500 g)

0 (0.00%)

0 (0.00%)

0 (0.00%)

5 (1.12%)

 

  Low birthweight(<2500 g)

9 (1.95%)

1 (0.21%)

10 (2.21%)

15 (3.37%)

 

  Fetal macrosomia(≥4000 g)

35 (7.58%)

35 (7.20%)

37 (8.17%)

25 (5.62%)

 

Small for gestational age

31 (6.71%)

26 (5.35%)

38 (8.39%)

42 (9.44%)

0.020

Very small for gestational age

12 (2.60%)

3 (0.62%)

9 (1.99%)

10 (2.25%)

0.114

Large for gestational age

41 (8.87%)

44 (9.05%)

46 (10.15%)

29 (6.52%)

0.263

Very large for gestational age

16 (3.46%)

10 (2.06%)

20 (4.42%)

10 (2.25%)

0.125

Mode of delivery

    

0.028

  Vaginal

140 (30.30%)

182 (37.45%)

161 (35.54%)

175 (39.33%)

 

  Caesarean section

322 (69.70%)

304 (62.55%)

292 (64.46%)

270 (60.67%)