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Fig. 7 | Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

Fig. 7

From: Connective tissue growth factor mediates bone morphogenetic protein 2-induced increase in hyaluronan production in luteinized human granulosa cells

Fig. 7

Schematic diagram illustrating the proposed molecular mechanism by which BMP2 increases the production of hyaluronan in hGL cells. The BMP2 ligand binds to BMP type I and type II receptors located on the cell membrane of hGL cells, which then phosphorylates the downstream receptor-regulated SMAD SMAD1/5. The phosphorylated SMAD1/5 combine with the common SMAD SMAD4 to form a heterotrimeric transcription factor complex, which subsequently translocates into the nucleus and upregulates the expression of CTGF and HAS2 as well as the production of hyaluronan in hGL cells. CTGF is the regulator that mediates the BMP2-induced upregulation of HAS2 expression and hyaluronan synthesis in hGL cells. P, phosphorylated

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