Table 1 Baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes of the included cycles
IVF (n = 76) | ICSI (ejaculated sperm) (n = 67) | TESE-ICSI (n = 82) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total number of embryos | 0.584 | |||
Transfer | 76 | 59 | 78 | |
Freeze | 213 | 159 | 181 | |
Female age (years) | 35.2 (32.0–38.7) | 33.4 (29.5–35.7) | 33.2 (29.8–37.3) | 0.020 |
Male age (years) | 35.5 (32.0–39.0) | 35.0 (30.0–38.0) | 36.0 (32.0–42.3) | 0.540 |
Oocytes aspirated | 10 (6–12) | 10 (7–14) | 10 (7–13) | 0.460 |
Diagnosis | < 0.001 | |||
Male factor | 1 (1.3%) | 34 (50.7%) | 56 (68.3%) | |
Female factor | 47 (61.8%) | 4 (6.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Combined | 2 (2.6%) | 22 (32.8%) | 26 (31.7%) | |
Unexplained infertility | 23 (30.3%) | 7 (10.4%) | 0 (0%) | |
Other | 3 (3.9%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Stimulation Protocol | < 0.001 | |||
GnRH-antagonist | 47 (66.2%) | 59 (92.2%) | 45 (55.6%) | |
GnRH-agonist | 24 (33.8%) | 5 (7.8%) | 36 (44.4%) | |
missing | 5 | 3 | 1 | |
Culture medium | 0.042 | |||
Sage1 | 17 (22.4%) | 25 (37.3%) | 33 (40.2%) | |
Vitrolife G-TL | 59 (77.6%) | 42 (62.7%) | 49 (59.8%) | |
Number of transferred embryos | 0.390 | |||
0 | 6 (7.9%) | 10 (14.9%) | 11 (13.4%) | |
1 | 64 (84.2%) | 55 (82.1%) | 64 (78.0%) | |
2 | 6 (7.9%) | 2 (3.0%) | 7 (8.5%) | |
Fertilization rate (number of 2 PN/number of M2) | 0.001 | |||
0–25% | 3 (3.9%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (4.9%) | |
25–50% | 10 (13.2%) | 8 (11.9%) | 25 (30.5%) | |
50–75% | 27 (35.5%) | 27 (40.3%) | 34 (41.5%) | |
75–100% | 36 (47.4%) | 32 (47.8%) | 19 (23.2%) | |
Embryo usage rate (number of transferred and cryopreserved embryos/number of 2 PN) | 0.704 | |||
0–25% | 5 (6.6%) | 6 (9.0%) | 6 (7.3%) | |
25–50% | 26 (34.2%) | 30 (44.8%) | 29 (35.4%) | |
50–75% | 23 (30.3%) | 19 (28.4%) | 28 (34.1%) | |
75–100% | 22 (28.9%) | 12 (17.9%) | 19 (23.2%) | |
Biochemical pregnancy | 42 (60.0%) | 32 (56.1%)%) | 29 (40.8%) | 0.057 |
Ongoing pregnancy | 0.767 | |||
Singleton | 27 (38.6%) | 21 (36.8%) | 23 (32.4%) | |
Twin | 1 (1.4%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) |