Fig. 2

ACTN4 expression in the process of CTB differentiation into STBs. a Immunofluorescence staining for ACTN4 (red) and CK7 (green) in the freshly isolated primary human CTB cells. Staining was performed after 3 or 48 h of culture. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). White dashed circles and white arrows indicate syncytialized cells and unsyncytialized cells, respectively. Scale bars: 100 μm. b Western blotting for ACTN4 and GCM-1 (a syncytiotrophoblast marker) in the primary human CTB cells after 3 or 48 h of culture. All data are presented as the means ± SEM of three independent experiments. ^**P < 0.01; ^***P < 0.001