Controlled ovarian stimulation should not be preferred for male infertility treated with intrauterine insemination: a retrospective study

Table 3 Comparison of pregnancy outcomes between the NC-IUI and COS-IUI groups stratified by TPSMC

Characteristics	TPSMC < 5 × 10⁶			TPSMC 5–10 × 10⁶			TPSMC ≥10 × 10⁶
Characteristics	NC	COS	P	NC	COS	P	NC	COS	P
n	36	14		98	37		291	125
Clinical pregnancy (n (%))	2(5.6)	1(7.1)	1.000	14(14.3)	6(16.2)	0.789	36(12.4)	16(12.8) ^a	0.873
Live birth (n (%))	2(5.6)	1(7.1)	1.000	13(13.3)	5(13.5)	1.000	32(11.0)	15(12.0) ^a	0.739
Spontaneous abortion (n (%))	0	0	–	1(7.1)	1(16.7)	0.521	2(5.6)	1(6.2)	1.000
Ectopic pregnancy (n (%))	0	0	–	0	0	–	2(5.6)	1(6.2) ^a	1.000
Multiple pregnancy (n (%))	0	0	–	0	0	–	0(0)	2(12.5) ^a	0.09

IUI Intrauterine insemination, NC Natural cycle, COS Controlled ovarian stimulation, TPMSC Total progressive motile sperm count; ^a including one heterotopic pregnancy

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