Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

Table 2 Concentrations of NEFAs in different metabolic diseases in animals

From: Non-esterified fatty acids in the ovary: friends or foes?

Cows	7 days pre-parturition	Serum	~ 0.2 mM	[17]
	16 days post- parturition	Serum	0.4–1.2 mM ^a
	44 days post-parturition	Serum	0.1–0.3 mM
Cows	16 days post- parturition	Follicular Fluid	0.2–0.6 mM	[17]
Cows	44 days post-parturition	Follicular Fluid	0.1–0.3 mM ^a	[17]
Cows	Control	Follicular Fluid	control level	[7]
Cows	Fasting (4 days)	Follicular Fluid	higher level ^a	[7]
Cows	Control	Serum	control level	[7]
Cows	Fasting (4 days)	Serum	higher level ^a	[7]
Cows	Cycling	Plasma	0.21 ± 0.05 mM	[18]
Cows	Inactive ovary	Plasma	0.32 ± 0.12 mM ^a	[18]
Cows	Cycling cows	Blood	0.4 ± 0.1 (SEM) mM ^a	[19]
Cows	Cystic ovarian cows	Blood	0.7 ± 0.1 (SEM) mM	[19]
Ewes Pregnant	Control	Serum	0.65 mM	[20]
Ewes Pregnant	Subclinical ketosis	Serum	1.02 mM ^a
Ewes Lambed	Control	Serum	0.47 mM
Ewes Lambed	Subclinical ketosis	Serum	0.69 mM ^a
Ewes Lactating	Control	Serum	0.21 mM
Ewes Lactating	Subclinical ketosis	Serum	0.45 ± 0.03 (SD) mM ^a
Dog	Lean dog	Plasma	0.97 ± 0.09 (SEM) mM	[21]
Dog	Obese dog	Plasma	1.59 ± 0.12 (SEM) mM	[21]

^a, significantly different levels as indicated by authors; SD, standard deviation; SEM, standard error of the mean

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