Table 2 Summary of the different type carriers for single-sperm cryopreservation
| Biological | Non-biological |
|---|---|
| Zona pellucida of different species | Polymerized alginic acid capsules |
| Volvox globator algae | Hollow-core agarose capsules |
| Hollow hyaluronan-phenolic hydroxyl microcapsules | |
| Cryoloops | |
| Culture dish | |
| Cell Sleeper | |
| Cryotop | |
| Cryoleaf | |
| Cryopiece | |
| Closed slice | |
| The novel sperm vitrification device |