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Table 4 Comparison of biochemical parameters between parturients with spontaneous and ART conception stratified based on treatment modalities

From: Assisted conception as a potential prognostic factor predicting insulin therapy in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus

Variables SC (n = 136) ART (n = 100) P-valuec
MNT (n = 102) MNI-IT (n = 34) P-value a MNT (n = 60) MNT-IT (n = 40) P-valueb
GTT-FBS (mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) 91.69 ± 0.95 98.18 ± 1.66 0.001* 90.67 ± 1.20 96.92 ± 1.42 0.001* 0.002*
GTT-1 h (mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) 156.10 ± 4.46 183.90 ± 8.66 0.003* 159.14 ± 5.98 156.82 ± 7.98 0.813 0.014*
GTT-2 h (mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) 129.38 ± 4.19 147.40 ± 7.34 0.003* 131.0 ± 4.50 136.58 ± 6.39 0.464 0.046*
FBS (mg/dl) (Mean ± SE) 82.89 ± 1.21 88.03 ± 1.77 0.032* 85.98 ± 0.99 91.44 ± 1.77 0.004* 0.030*
HbA1c (%) (Mean ± SE) 4.92 ± 0.07 5.40 ± 0.12 0.005* 4.85 ± 0.10 5.16 ± 0.08 0.022* 0.004*
TG (mg/dl) (Mean ± SE) 201.12 ± 6.83 199.11 ± 13.71 0.887 175.31 ± 8.16 204.97 ± 9.69 0.026* 0.065
Cholesterol (mg/dl) (Mean ± SE) 221.33 ± 4.20 215.71 ± 6.36 0.491 202.09 ± 4.58 223.13 ± 7.97 0.019* 0.066
HDL (mg/dl) (Mean ± SE) 64.61 ± 1.56 62.85 ± 2.60 0.573 65.20 ± 1.74 60.81 ± 1.65 0.097 0.083
LDL (mg/dl) (Mean ± SE) 117.30 ± 3.89 112.52 ± 6.54 0.496 101.83 ± 4.35 121.42 ± 6.93 0.014* 0.105
VLDL (mg/dl) (Mean ± SE) 40.19 ± 1.36 39.59 ± 2.84 0.836 35.06 ± 1.66 40.90 ± 1.92 0.029* 0.089
hs-CRP (mg/l) (Mean ± SE) 4.60 ± 0.41 5.06 ± 1.16 0.651 6.45 ± 0.75 8.69 ± 1.95 0.049* 0.010*
IL-17(pg/mL) (Mean ± SE) 1.21 ± 0.27 0.70 ± 0.60 0.660 0.91 ± 0.19 5.52 ± 2.35 0.017b 0.061
Insulin (mU/L) (Mean ± SE) 12.90 ± 1.64 15.87 ± 2.58 0.375 13.26 ± 1.36 14.92 ± 1.29 0.411 0.191
HOMA-IR 2.76 ± 0.42 3.39 ± 0.49 0.443 2.86 ± 0.33 3.40 ± 0.31 0.255 0.202
  1. GDM Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, SC Spontaneous Conception, ART Assisted Reproductive Technology, MNT Medical Nutrition Therapy, MNT-IT Medical Nutrition Therapy plus Insulin Therapy
  2. The Homeostasis Model Assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index = [Glucose] * [Insulin] / 405 (Glucose in mg/dl)
  3. *P < 0.05 was considered significant
  4. a T-test compared the mean difference between MNT and MNT-IT subgroups in the SC group
  5. bT-test compared the mean difference between MNT and MNT-IT subgroups in the ART group
  6. c T-test compared the mean difference between MNT and MNT-IT subgroups in total population
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