Maternal age (Years, Mean ± SE)
|
30.64 ± 0.53
|
34.38 ± 0.73
|
1.17 (1.07–1.28)
|
0.001*
|
32.05 ± 0.77
|
32.65 ± 0.62
|
1.02 (0.95–1.10)
|
0.576
|
1.94 (1.10–3.41)
|
0.023*
|
Maternal age ≥ 35 years,n (%)
|
26 (25.5)
|
16 (47.0)
|
2.6 (1.16–5.82)
|
0.018*
|
19 (31.7)
|
15 (37.5)
|
1.29 (0.55–2.99)
|
0.546
|
1.87 (1.05–3.33)
|
0.032*
|
Parity (n = 0), n (%)
|
46 (45.1)
|
10 (29.4)
|
11.97 (0.86–4.54)
|
0.108
|
50 (83.3)
|
37 (92.5)
|
0.41 (0.10–1.58)
|
0.182
|
0.84 (0.47–1.47)
|
0.535
|
Family history of DM (Yes, n %)
|
35 (34.3)
|
17 (50.0)
|
1.91 (0.87–4.20)
|
0.103
|
20 (33.3)
|
22 (55.0)
|
2.44 (1.07–5.56)
|
0.033*
|
2.17(1.24–3.79)
|
0.007*
|
Systolic blood pressure (Mean ± SE)
|
106.37 ± 1.01
|
109.11 ± 0.72
|
1.03 (0.99–1.07)
|
0.176
|
107.25 ± 1.17
|
106.0 ± 1.82
|
0.99 (0.95–1.03)
|
0.542
|
1.01 (0.98–1.03)
|
0.424
|
Diastolic blood pressure (Mean ± SE)
|
68.22 ± 0.83
|
69.71 ± 1.42
|
1.02 (0.97–1.07)
|
0.367
|
66.83 ± 0.98
|
67.0 ± 1.25
|
1.00 (0.96–1.06)
|
0.915
|
1.0 (0.97–1.04)
|
0.574
|
Pre-pregnancy BMI (Mean ± SE)
|
25.44 ± 0.49
|
27.31 ± 0.81
|
1.08 (1.00–1.17)
|
0.059
|
27.22 ± 0.46
|
27.52 ± 0.76
|
1.01 (0.95–1.12)
|
0.726
|
1.94 (1.09–3.45)
|
0.022*
|
Pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 (kg/m2), n (%)
|
49(49.1)
|
23 (71.9)
|
2.65 (1.12–6.31)
|
0.024*
|
43 (71.7)
|
29 (72.5)
|
1.04 (0.43–2.55)
|
0.928
|
1.92 (1.05–3.51)
|
0.034*
|
History of spontaneous abortion, n (%)
|
26 (26.0)
|
13 (38.2)
|
1.76 (0.77–4.02)
|
0.175
|
16 (26.7)
|
16 (40)
|
1.83 (0.78–4.30)
|
0.161
|
1.90 (1.12–3.23)
|
0.018*
|
History of GDM, (Yes, n %)
|
8 (7.8)
|
10 (29.4)
|
4.90 (1.74–13.74)
|
0.001*
|
1 (1.7)
|
0 (0)
|
–
|
1
|
2.66 (1.03–6.84)
|
0.043*
|
History of macrosomia, (Yes, n %)
|
4 (3.9)
|
2 (5.8)
|
1.53 (0.27–8.76)
|
0.630
|
1 (1.7)
|
0 (0)
|
0.87 (0.16–4.60)
|
0.872
|
0.66 (0.13–3.35)
|
0.619
|