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Table 1 Comparison of clinical and biochemical characteristics between spontaneous conception and ART participants
| Variables | SC (n = 136) | ART (n = 100) | †P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical | |||
| Maternal age (Years, Mean ± SE) | 31.57 ± 0.46 | 32.36 ± 0.52 | 0.261 |
| Parity (n = 0), n (%) | 56 (41.2) | 88 (87.1) | 0.001* |
| Family history of DM, (Yes, n %) | 52 (38.2) | 42 (41.6) | 0.602 |
| Systolic blood pressure (Mean ± SE) | 107.07 ± 0.87 | 106.68 ± 0.99 | 0.769 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (Mean ± SE) | 68.59 ± 0.72 | 66.83 ± 0.76 | 0.098 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (Mean ± SE) | 25.89 ± 0.42 | 27.32 ± 0.40 | 0.018* |
| Prior history of spontaneous abortion, (Yes), n (%) | 36 (29.1) | 32 (31.7) | 0.670 |
| Prior history of GDM, (Yes), n (%) | 18 (13.2) | 1 (0.9) | 0.001* |
| Prior history of macrosomia, (Yes), n (%) | 6 (4.4) | 1 (0.9) | 0.124 |
| Biochemical | |||
| GTT-FBS (mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) | 93.38 ± 0.87 | 93.13 ± 0.96 | 0.851 |
| GTT-1 h(mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) | 162.93 ± 4.11 | 158.22 ± 4.72 | 0.455 |
| GTT-2 h(mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) | 134.29 ± 3.71 | 133.26 ± 3.67 | 0.847 |
| FBS (mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) | 84.21 ± 1.05 | 88.23 ± 0.95 | 0.006* |
| HbA1c (%) (Mean ± SE) | 4.98 ± 0.10 | 5.07 ± 0.63 | 0.297 |
| TG (mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) | 200.61 ± 6.13 | 193.42 ± 5.62 | 0.254 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) | 219.91 ± 3.52 | 210.86 ± 4.43 | 0.107 |
| HDL (mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) | 64.17 ± 1.34 | 63.49 ± 1.26 | 0.715 |
| LDL (mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) | 116.13 ± 3.01 | 110.31 ± 4.01 | 0.238 |
| VLDL (mg/dl)(Mean ± SE) | 40.05 ± 1.24 | 37.19 ± 1.28 | 0.115 |
| Hs-CRP (Mean ± SE) | 4.69 ± 0.40 | 7.21 ± 0.83 | 0.005* |
| IL-17 (Mean ± SE) | 1.19 ± 0.26 | 2.66 ± 0.95 | 0.161 |
| Insulin (Mean ± SD) | 13.57 ± 140 | 13.98 ± 0.96 | 0.821 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.90 ± 0.34 | 3.09 ± 0.23 | 0.672 |
