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Table 1 Patients and IVF cycle characteristics by serum 25 (OH) D quartiles

From: Effect of vitamin D status on normal fertilization rate following in vitro fertilization

Parameter

Group1

Group2

Group 3

Group 4

P value

Number of cycles

216

210

211

211

 

Serum 25(OH) D (ng/ml)

 Median

9.04

13.67

16.20

23.22

 

 Range

4.92–11.20

11.25–14.00

14.10–18.60

18.70–39.51

 

Age(y)

31.65 ± 3.32

31.86 ± 3.94

31.31 ± 3.44

31.88 ± 3.69

0.331

Duration of infertility(y)

3.53 ± 2.19

3.85 ± 2.76

3.68 ± 2.31

3.61 ± 2.38

0.543

BMI (kg/m2)

23.93 ± 3.61

23.37 ± 3.30

23.16 ± 3.28

23.46 ± 3.33

0.099

AMH (ng/ml)

7.21 ± 5.50

6.05 ± 4.37

6.93 ± 5.61

6.68 ± 5.51

0.134

bFSH (mIU/ml)

6.75 ± 1.77

7.04 ± 2.03

6.88 ± 1.95

6.57 ± 1.68

0.063

Season of blood drawing

 Spring (n, %)

55,25.5%

39,18.6%

25,11.8%

24,11.4%

<0.001*

 Summer (n, %)

78,36.1%

71,33.8%

55,26.1%

41,19.4%

 Autumn (n, %)

22,10.2%

43,20.5%

76,36.0%

74,35.1%

 Winter (n, %)

61,28.2%

57,27.1%

55,26.1%

72,34.1%

Previous pregnancy

 NO (n, %)

106 (49.1%)

87 (41.4%)

111 (52.6%)

103 (48.8%)

0.134

 Yes (n, %)

110 (50.9%)

123 (58.6%)

100 (47.4%)

108 (51.2%)

Infertility diagnosis

 Male factor (n, %)

5 (2.3%)

11 (5.2%)

10 (4.7%)

10 (4.7%)

0.837

 Tubal factor (n, %)

135 (62.8%)

131 (62.4%)

122 (57.8%)

125 (59.2%)

 Mixed (n, %)

24 (11.2%)

28 (13.3%)

26 (12.3%)

28 (13.3%)

 Endometriosis (n, %)

7 (3.3%)

11 (5.2%)

13 (6.2%)

14 (6.6%)

 Anovulatory (n, %)

41 (19.1%)

27 (12.9%)

37 (17.5%)

32 (15.2%)

 Unexplained (n, %)

3 (1.4%)

2 (1.0%)

3 (1.4%)

2 (0.9%)

COH protocol

 Luteal phase agonist (n, %)

151 (69.9%)

143 (68.1%)

159 (75.4%)

158 (74.9%)

0.250

 Antagonist (n, %)

65 (30.1%)

67 (31.9%)

52 (24.6%)

53 (25.1%)

Duration of stimulation (d)

9.06 ± 2.17

9.04 ± 2.34

8.81 ± 2.20

9.05 ± 2.50

0.631

Follicle≥16 mm on HCG day

10.26 ± 4.94

9.01 ± 4.73

9.86 ± 5.55

9.68 ± 5.02

0.083

Endometrial thickness on HCG day (mm)

11.62 ± 2.71

11.30 ± 2.21

11.36 ± 2.32

11.49 ± 2.45

0.536

Progestrone on HCG day (ng/ml)

0.86 ± 0.28

0.90 ± 0.29

0.94 ± 0.34

0.94 ± 0.32

0.143

Peak estradiol (pg/ml)

3737.49 ± 2178.84

3398.98 ± 2227.44

3593.33 ± 2352.79

3569.79 ± 2231.67

0.540

Oocytes retrieved (n)

11.47 ± 5.53

10.12 ± 4.78

10.79 ± 5.43

10.68 ± 5.56

0.078

Mature oocytes (n)

9.45 ± 4.80

8.40 ± 4.14

9.05 ± 4.66

8.97 ± 4.54

0.119

Normal fertilization rate (%)

69.62 ± 17.85

71.69 ± 19.92

73.82 ± 18.36

75.43 ± 17.39

0.007* <0.001a*

High quality embryo rate (%)

67.5%

67.2%

65.3%

67.7%

0.465

Blastocyst formation rate (%)

66.86 ± 28.60

62.48 ± 33.21

65.84 ± 31.27

67.96 ± 28.87

0.332

Embryos transferred (n)

1.93 ± 0.26

1.92 ± 0.28

1.97 ± 0.18

1.95 ± 0.22

0.340

  1. *Values are significantly different between groups (P < 0.05)
  2. aAdjusted for maternal age, BMI, AMH, infertility diagnosis, season of blood draw, COH protocol, previous pregnancy, duration of stimulation, E2 levels on the day of hCG, number of larger follicles, number of oocytes retrieved and number of mature oocytes