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Table 3 Hormonal and ultrasonographic characteristics of the study cohorts evaluated on cycle day 2 to 4

From: Antral follicle count (AFC) and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) are the predictors of natural fecundability have similar trends irrespective of fertility status and menstrual characteristics among fertile and infertile women below the age of 40 years

Parameters

Infertile Patient Age Group (years)

Control Age Group (years)

Infertile versus control p-value

25–28

29–35

36–39

p-value

Total

25–28

29–35

36–39

p-value

Total

Number of women [n (%)]

90 (21.3)

210 (49.6)

123 (29.07)

 

423 (100)

101 (26.0)

165 (42.5)

122 (31.4)

 

388 (100)

 

Endocrine parameters

 AMH (ng/ml) [median (95% population limit)]

5.1 (3.2;9.9)

4.8 (4.5;8.0)

3.4 (2.5;7.1)

< 0.002b

4.8 (4.5;6.9)

5.4 (4.9;9.6)

5.0 (4.9;9.4)

3.6 (3.6;9.2)

< 0.001b

5.0 (3.2;6.8)

0.08b

AMH (ng/ml) categories [n (%)]

  < 0.7

3 (3.3)

28 (13.3)

25 (20.3)

0.002c

56 (13.2)

4 (3.96)

12 (7.3)

18 (14.7)

< 0.001c

34 (8.7)

0.3c

 0.7–4.5

16 (17.7)

45 (21.4)

65 (52.8)

 

126 (29.7)

15 (14.9)

38 (23.0)

52 (42.6)

 

105 (27.0)

 

 4.5–7.9

45 (50)

107 (50.9)

18 (14.6)

 

170 (40.1)

68 (67.3)

85 (51.5)

47 (38.5)

 

200 (51.5)

 

  ≥ 8.0

26 (28.9)

30 (14.3)

15 (12.2)

 

71 (16.7)

14 (13.9)

30 (18.1)

5 (4.0)

 

49 (12.6)

 

 FSH (IU/L) [median (95% population limit)]

6.9 (6.5;8.1)

7.1 (7.1;8.3)

7.2 (8.1;9.5)

0.3b

7.1 (7.6;8.4)

6.5 (5.5;6.8)

6.7 (5.9;7.2)

6.8 (5.8;7.0)

0.8b

6.6 (6.0;7.1)

0.01b

FSH (IU/L) categories [n (%)]

  < 4

17 (18.8)

22 (10.5)

3 (2.4)

0.4c

42 (9.92)

5 (4.9)

11 (6.6)

4 (3.3)

0.5c

20 (5.1)

0.07c

 5–8

58 (64.4)

158 (75.2)

65 (52.8)

 

281 (66.4)

45 (44.5)

75 (45.5)

41 (36.0)

 

161 (41.5)

 

 9–14

10 (11.1)

9 (4.3)

35 (28.5)

 

54 (12.7)

35 (34.6)

45 (27.2)

69 (56.5)

 

149 (38.4)

 

 15–20

5 (5.5)

21 (10)

20 (16.3)

 

46 (10.8)

16 (15.8)

34 (26.6)

8 (6.5)

 

58 (14.9)

 

 LH (IU/L) [median (95% population limit)]

6.4 (6.0;7.1)

6.3 (5.8;6.7)

6.5 (6.1;7.0)

0.7b

6.3 (6.1;6.8)

5.9 (5.5;6.3)

5.5 (4.4;5.9)

5.4 (5.1;6.7)

0.07b

5.5 (5.1;7.1)

0.03b

 LH/FSH-ratio (IU/L) [median (95% population limit)]

1 (0.8;1.8)

0.9 (0.6;1.7)

0.9 (0.8;1.5)

0.4b

0.9 (0.7;1.6)

0.8 (0.5;1.9)

0.8 (0.4;1.5)

0.8 (0.6;1.8)

0.7b

0.8 (0.5;1.7)

0.01b

Ultrasonography parameters

 Total number of AFC [median (95% population limit)]

30 (26.9;31.5)

22 (21.7;24.6)

14 (12;14.2)

< 0.0001b

21 (20.5;28.6)

29.0 (24.7;29.0)

23.0 (24.7;29.0)

14.0 (16.4;20.5)

< 0.001b

 

0.7b

AFC categories [n (%)]

  < 8

0 (0)

14 (6.7)

25 (20.3)

< 0.0001c

39 (9.2)

0 (0)

2 (1.2)

8 (6.5)

0.0001c

10 (2.5)

0.7c

 9–20

15 (16.7)

71 (3.3)

88 (71.5)

 

174 (41.1)

28 (27.7)

66 (40)

70 (57.3)

 

164 (42.2)

 

 21–45

69 (76.7)

117 (55.7)

8 (6.5)

 

194 (45.8)

68 (67.3)

93 (56.3)

43 (35.2)

 

204 (52.5)

 

  > 46

6 (6.7)

8 (3.8)

2 (1.6)

 

16 (3.78)

5 (4.9)

4 (2.4)

1 (0.8)

 

10 (2.5)

 

 Ovarian volume (ml) [median (95% population limit)]

5.6 (3.2;11.6)

5.4 (2.5;10.6)

5.3 (2.3;11.9)

0.2b

5.5 (2.5;11.7)

5.1 (2.1; 8.97)

4.9 (2.7;9.1)

4.5 (2.3;9.9)

0.001b

4.9 (2.3;8.9)

0.008b

  1. Data are presented as number [%age] and median [95% population limits]. For both patients and controls, data are classified into age-specific sub-groups, and a statistical difference was tested across different age groups. Data for the total infertile and controls are also subjected to statistical differences, and p > 0.05 considered statistically significant
  2. b = Kruskal-Wallis test; c = χ2-test