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Fig. 3 | Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

Fig. 3

From: The art of oocyte meiotic arrest regulation

Fig. 3

Schematic model depicting the proposed signaling pathway in LH/hCG-induced the resumption of meiosis. LH surge results in the dephosphorylation and deactivation of NPR2 via the phosphoprotein of phosphatase (PPP)-family in the cumulus granulosa cell [96], NPPC production and secretion in the mural granulosa cell. The LH/LHR-induced activation of cAMP/PKA increases the following compounds in the mural granulosa cell: phosphorylation of the cGMP-PDE5, EGF and EGF-like factors production and secretion, and ER expression [103]. The rapid phosphorylation of the cGMP-PDE5 is responsible for converting cGMP into 5’GMP, causes the outward diffusion of intraoocyte cGMP, leads to the release of cAMP-PDE activity within the oocyte, in turn, the activated cAMP-PDE catalyses the cAMP into AMP, ultimately results in meiotic resumption [99]; The production of EGF and EGF-like factors activates the EGFR signaling elevates calcium of cumulus granulosa cells further to inactivate NPR2 [106]; Furthermore, the decrease of ER serves as an augment step [103]. cGMP-PDE5: cGMP phosphodiesterase 5; EGF-like factors: amphiregulin (AREG), epiregulin (EREG), and β-cellulin (BTC)

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