Fig. 6

Immunofluorescence staining MVH and ZO-1 in the testis specimens. a The OA specimen were selected as positive control. b The typical images in the first TESE. c-f The typical images of patients in No response group, Response group 1, Response group 2A, Response group 2B during the secondary TESE. Scale bar, 100 μm. g Quantification of MVH-positive cells per tubule area in each group was then counted, 30 tubules from each group were calculated. h Relative mean fluorescence intensity of ZO-1 was calculated as total fluorescence intensity per tubule area, 30 tubules from each group were calculated. Results were shown as mean + SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared with OA group; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.001 compared with NOA patients during the first TESE.