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Table 10 Summary of Summary of SEN, SPE, PLR, NLR, DS, DOR, and AUC values for induced AR assay

From: Human sperm acrosome function assays are predictive of fertilization rate in vitro: a retrospective cohort study and meta-analysis

Subgroup

N

SEN (95% CI)

SPE (95% CI)

PLR (95% CI)

NLR (95% CI)

DS (95% CI)

DOR (95% CI)

AUC (95% CI)

P a

Overall

13

0.79 (0.71–0.85)

0.87 (0.74–0.94)

6.08 (2.77–13.36)

0.24 (0.17–0.35)

3.22 (2.19–4.24)

24.91 (8.91–69.66)

0.84 (0.81–0.87)

 

Geographic area

 Europe

5

0.80 (0.66–0.89)

0.86 (0.56–0.97)

5.80 (1.46–23.10)

0.23 (0.13–0.43)

3.21 (1.51–4.91)

24.81 (4.53–135.75)

0.86 (0.83–0.89)

NC

 Oceania

4b

0.75 (0.59–0.86)

0.77 (0.61–0.87)

3.22 (1.70–6.08)

0.33 (0.18–0.61)

2.28 (1.11–3.45)

9.78 (3.04–31.47)

0.80 (0.77–0.84)

 

 South America

1

0.78

0.91

8.56

0.24

−c

35.00

–

 

 Africa

4b

0.94 (0.44–1.00)

0.98 (0.85–1.00)

52.54 (5.96–462.88)

0.06 (0.00–1.00)

6.76 (3.74–9.77)

861.19 (42.25–17,552.00)

0.99 (0.98–1.00)

 

 North America

4b

0.77 (0.69–0.84)

0.87 (0.64–0.96)

6.11 (1.79–20.94)

0.26 (0.16–0.41)

3.17 (1.54–4.79)

23.70 (4.68–120.00)

0.83 (0.79–0.86)

 

 Asia

1

0.82

0.70

2.77

0.26

–

10.75

–

 

Preparation method

 No preparation

1

0.71

0.55

1.58

0.53

–

3.00

–

NC

 One preparation

11

0.82 (0.73–0.88)

0.87 (0.73–0.94)

6.10 (2.84–13.09)

0.21 (0.14–0.33)

3.36 (2.32–4.39)

28.70 (10.21–80.65)

0.88 (0.85–0.91)

 

 Double preparation

1

0.63

1.00

–

0.40

–

–

–

 

AR trigger

 Physiological trigger

10b

0.82 (0.73–0.88)

0.88 (0.76–0.94)

6.78 (3.10–14.83)

0.20 (0.13–0.33)

3.50 (2.35–4.65)

32.26 (10.53–105.06)

0.89 (0.86–0.91)

NC

 Nonphysiological trigger

8

0.79 (0.70–0.85)

0.86 (0.65–0.95)

5.70 (1.98–16.39)

0.25 (0.16–0.37)

3.14 (1.82–4.46)

23.10 (6.16–81.56)

0.82 (0.78–0.85)

 

AR assay method

 Fluorescent labels

11

0.78 (0.71–0.84)

0.90 (0.78–0.96)

8.01 (3.24–19.82)

0.24 (0.18–0.34)

3.49 (2.35–4.64)

32.83 (10.44–103.21)

0.83 (0.80–0.86)

 

  Direct immunofluorescence

10

0.78 (0.70–0.85)

0.86 (0.74–0.93)

5.72 (2.81–11.63)

0.25 (0.17–0.37)

3.12 (2.11–4.14)

22.76 (8.23–62.95)

0.84 (0.81–0.87)

 

   FITC−PSA

7

0.81 (0.69–0.88)

0.83 (0.66–0.93)

4.80 (2.09–11.01)

0.23 (0.13–0.41)

3.02 (1.72–4.32)

20.51 (5.60–75.15)

0.87 (0.83–0.89)

 

   FITC−PNA

4b

0.68 (0.58–0.76)

0.85 (0.81–0.88)

4.55 (3.42–6.05)

0.38 (0.28–0.50)

2.49 (1.98–3.01)

12.10 (7.24–20.21)

0.85 (0.81–0.87)

 

   RITC−PSA

1

0.83

0.98

38.33

0.17

–

225.00

–

 

  Indirect immunofluorescence

   Anti−CD46 antibody

1

0.83

1.00

–

0.18

–

–

–

 

 Triple stain

4b

0.93 (0.76–0.98)

0.58 (0.52–0.64)

2.23 (1.96–2.54)

0.12 (0.03–0.43)

2.92 (1.59–4.25)

18.56 (4.91–70.16)

0.68 (0.64–0.72)

 
  1. SEN sensitivity, SPE specificity, PLR positive likelihood ratio, NLR negative likelihood ratio, DS diagnostic score, DOR diagnostic odds ratio, AUC area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve, CI confidence interval, AR acrosome reaction, FITC-PSA fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated Pisurn sativum agglutimm, FITC-PNA fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated peanut agglutinin, RITC-PSA rhodamine-conjugated Pisurn sativum agglutimm, NC not compared
  2. aComparison between subgroups with the Q test for heterogeneity
  3. bConverted number = actual number × 2. Studies were duplicated for numbers ≥ 2 and < 4, based on the computation of bivariate mixed effects regression model for the lowest threshold of 4 studies
  4. cNot calculated in original data or not reported