Fig. 1

Effects of different L-lactate concentrations and of the steric enantiomer D-lactate on cultured bovine GC. (a) Increasing L-lactate concentrations progressively decreased or increased the abundance of selected marker gene transcripts. Transcript abundance was normalized to RPLP0 as a reference gene. The values (means ± SEM) are shown as ratio relatively to the vehicle control (dashed line). For statistical testing of the L-lactate effect the RPLP0-normalized values were compared using the student t-test or Mann-Whitney test, n = 3, *P < 0.05. To test for effects of increasing L-lactate concentration an ANOVA was performed and letters indicate significant differences between treatment groups, n = 3, P < 0.05. (b) The supplementation with D-lactate (30 mM) elicited more prominent effects on gene expression than L-lactate (30 mM) compared to the vehicle control (dashed line). The student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney test was used for analyzing the L- and D-lactate effects compared to the respective control (*) and between L- and D-lactate treatment (#), n = 3, P < 0.05.