Fig. 4From: Biological sex identification in the endangered dusky gopher frog (Lithobates sevosa): a comparison of body size measurements, secondary sex characteristics, ultrasound imaging, and urinary hormone analysis methodsComparison of mean testosterone (panel a) and mean estrone (panel c) concentrations for male and female DGFs. There was a significant difference in the mean concentration of testosterone (*, p < 0.05) and estrone (*, p < 0.05) between the sexes. Boxplots for each hormone are in panels b (testosterone) and d (estrone), with shaded regions depicting the quartile 1 to quartile 3 ranges, while whiskers indicate the 90th and 10th percentile. Dark circles indicate outliers beyond this range. The horizontal line within the box represents the medianBack to article page