Fig. 7

Ultrastructural evidence of involvement of oxidative stress in TOCP-induced autophagy of mouse Leydig TM3 cells. Mouse Leydig TM3 cells were treated with DMSO (a and b), 200 μM H₂O₂ (c and d), 0.5 mM TOCP for 48 h (e and f), or 5 mM N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) plus 0.5 mM TOCP for 48 h (g and h). Then, autophagic vacuoles in the cells were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The autophagic vacuoles are indicated by arrows