Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
25(OH)D, nmol/L | ≤35.36 | 35.37-41.32 | 41.33-48.81 | ≥48.82 | P |
N | 714 | 715 | 712 | 713 | |
Age, yr | 50 (14) | 51 (13) | 53 (13) | 59 (13) | <0.01 |
Hypogonadism, % | 28.6 | 26.0 | 22.8 | 22.6 | <0.05 |
Metabolic factors | |||||
HbA1c, % | 5.5 (1.0) | 5.4 (0.9) | 5.4 (0.9) | 5.5 (0.9) | <0.05 |
Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.68 (1.51) | 5.63 (1.45) | 5.68 (1.31) | 5.71 (1.34) | <0.05 |
Fasting insulin, pmol/L | 42.2 (48.5) | 40.8 (38.0) | 37.3 (32.5) | 35.3 (45.1) | <0.01 |
HOMA-IR | 1.60 (2.33) | 1.53 (1.81) | 1.41 (1.50) | 1.34 (1.94) | <0.01 |
Systolic pressure, mmHg | 132 (19) | 131 (20) | 130 (19) | 135 (21) | <0.01 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 24.3 (3.3) | 24.9 (3.5) | 24.6 (3.1) | 24.2 (3.2) | <0.01 |
Diabetes, % | 14.7 | 11.5 | 13.4 | 12.5 | 0.31 |
Sex-related hormones | |||||
Total T, nmol/L | 15.5 (5.7) | 15.8 (5.7) | 16.2 (5.7) | 17.1 (6.1) | <0.01 |
Free T, pmol/L | 50.6 (29.0) | 51.1 (33.9) | 49.0 (26.4) | 44.4 (23.0) | <0.01 |
E2, pmol/L | 99.9 (59.2) | 101.5 (59.8) | 106.0 (61.3) | 121.9 (69.5) | <0.01 |
SHBG, nmol/L | 42.4 (23.4) | 41.8 (22.4) | 45.2 (23.7) | 54.8 (28.7) | <0.01 |
FSH, IU/L | 8.1 (7.5) | 8.2 (6.6) | 8.6 (6.8) | 11.4 (13.0) | <0.01 |
LH, IU/L | 5.0 (3.9) | 5.1 (3.5) | 5.2 (2.8) | 6.6 (5.4) | <0.01 |
Rural/urban residence, % | 51.1/48.9 | 49.0/51.0 | 53.5/46.5 | 73.2/26.8 | <0.01 |
Economic status, {low/high, %} | 17.9/82.1 | 27.6/72.4 | 30.8/69.2 | 32.8/67.2 | <0.01 |
Current smoker, % | 50.7 | 50.4 | 46.2 | 44.0 | <0.05 |