Table 4 Effect of paternal age on various disorders showing effect of age and relative risk ratio

Neuro-cognitive

Autism

>45(<20)

3.3

[205]

>50(<30)

5.75

[226]

>50(<29)

2.2

[142,227]

Bipolar disorder

>55(20–24)

1.34

[219]

Not specified

1.20

[220]

>45(20–24)

24.7 (Hazard Ratio)

[14,206]

Schizophrenia

Not specified

1.47

[207]

Autosomal dominant

>50(25–29)

1.66

[214,215]

>32(<28)

3.00

[13]

>55(25)

5.92

[211,213,216]

Achondroplasia

>30(<30)

3.48

[234]

>50(25–29)

7.80

[236]

Apert syndrome

-

-

[235-237]

Neurofibromatosis I

>35 (<35)

1.69

[238]

>40(<30)

2.9

[239]

Osteogenesis imperfecta

22-80

1.37

[13]

>35(<35)

1.62

[240]

>35(<25)

-

-

Retinoblastoma

>35(Not specified)

1.73

[241]

>45

3.00

[242]

Congenital Abnormalities

Cleft Lips

Not specified

[243]

Anencephaly

>40

[11]

Transposition of Great Vessels

>45 > 40

1.27

[11]

1.20

Ventricular Septal Defects

>35

3.63

[160]

30–34

1.69

(25–29)

Artrial Septal Defect

35-39

1.95

[160]

(25–29)

1.2

40–44

(25–29)

Neural tube defect

45-49

1.3

[160]

(25–29)

>50(25–29)

1.6

[160]

35-39

0.6

[244-246]

(20–29)

>50(25-29

2.3

[244-246]

MSA

>35(30–34)

1.33

[246]

Tracheoesophageal fistula

30-34(<25)

2.55

[247]

-

3.12

[248]

-

1.34

[248]

Others

OCD

>40

1.14

[248]

Childhood CNS Tumor

>35-39

1.11

[248]

(25–29)

Childhood Leukemia

>35-39

1.29

[248]

(25–29)

Mood disorder

>35-39

1.07

[249]

(25–29)

Personality disorder

--

-

[249]

Mental retardation

-

-

[249]

Pervasive developmental disorders

-

-

[249]