Figure 2

Effects of AICAR and metformin on the TNF-α-induced production of IL-8 and GROα. Effects of AICAR (A) and metformin (B) on the TNF-α-induced production of IL-8 and GROα in KGN. Cultured KGN were incubated with TNF-α and/or AICAR for 24 h at 37°C in 5% CO2. At the end of the incubation period, the conditioned medium was collected and assayed for IL-8 and GROα concentrations by ELISA. The values represent the relative ratios of IL-8 and GROα concentrations, compared with those in control cells. Values are the mean ± SD of the combined data of four separate experiments using different KGN preparations. A, B: *P < 0.001 between TNF-α vs. TNF-α + AICAR (1 mM) or TNF-α + AICAR (3 mM). C, D: *P < 0.001 between TNF-α vs. TNF-α + Metformin (0.1 mM) or TNF-α + metformin (1 mM).