|
Weight gain during pregnancy (kg)
|
Under recommendation*
|
Recommendation
|
Over recommendation
|
p-value
|
|---|
|
Underweight (BMI < 18.5)
|
Maternal complications
|
30 (17.3)
|
18 (8.9)
|
2 (4.8)
|
0.0136
|
| |
Neonatal complications
|
75 (43.4)
|
54 (26.7)
|
8 (19.1)
|
0.0004
|
| |
Cesarean section
|
48 (27.8)
|
62 (30.7)
|
16 (38.1)
|
0.4150
|
|
Normal (18.5 ≤ BMI < 23)
|
Maternal complications
|
111 (21.5)
|
82 (11.6)
|
33 (9.9)
|
< 0.0001
|
| |
Neonatal complications
|
171 (33.1)
|
186 (26.4)
|
87 (26.1)
|
0.0180
|
| |
Cesarean section
|
171 (33.1)
|
224 (31.7)
|
137 (41.0)
|
0.0107
|
|
Overweight (23 ≤ BMI < 25)
|
Maternal complications
|
9 (31.0)
|
15 (19.2)
|
28 (21.7)
|
0.4006
|
| |
Neonatal complications
|
13 (44.8)
|
27 (34.6)
|
41 (31.8)
|
0.3927
|
| |
Cesarean section
|
12 (41.4)
|
35 (44.9)
|
61 (47.3)
|
0.8310
|
|
Obese (25 ≤ BMI)
|
Maternal complications
|
10 (38.5)
|
19 (38.0)
|
39 (30.5)
|
0.5298
|
| |
Neonatal complications
|
11 (42.3)
|
23 (46.0)
|
42 (32.8)
|
0.2231
|
| |
Cesarean section
|
15 (57.7)
|
25 (50.0)
|
75 (58.6)
|
0.5767
|
- Based on chi-square or Fisher's exact test (count, %)
- BMI, body mass index; C/S, cesarean section
- *Recommended gestational weight gain; underweight: 12.5-18 kg, normal: 11.5-16 kg, overweight: 7-11.5 kg, obese: 5-9.1 kg
