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Figure 2 | Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

Figure 2

From: Efficacy of hyaluronic acid binding assay in selecting motile spermatozoa with normal morphology at high magnification

Figure 2

Spermatozoa observed at high magnification (8400×). (A) Normal spermatozoa, (B-D)Abnormalityof nuclearform: spermatozoa with small or large oval nuclear forms (B), spermatozoa with wide or narrow nuclear forms (C), spermatozoa with regional shape abnormality of nuclear form (D), (E-F) Abnormalities in nuclear chromatin: spermatozoa with vacuoles occupying >4-50% of the nuclear area (E) spermatozoa with large nuclear vacuoles (> 50% of the nuclear area)(F).

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