| Group 1 (Amniotomy) | Group 2 (Oxytocin) | Group 3 (Amniotomy and Oxytocin) | Group 4 (Control) |  |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obstetric and demographic data | N = 70 | N = 72 | N = 71 | N = 70 | p |
Maternal age, years | 28.1 ± 4.9 (28) | 28.5 ± 5.3 (27) | 28.2 ± 5.0 (28) | 28.7 ± 4.7 (29) | 0.9 |
Gestational age, weeks | 39.6 ± 1.1 (39.6) | 39.6 ± 1.2 (39.6) | 39.6 ± 1.1 (40) | 39.7 ± 1.0 (39.6) | 0.9 |
Parity | 2.5 ± 1.3 (2) | 2.5 ± 1.3 (2) | 2.6 ± 1.4 (2) | 2.2 ± 1.2 (2) | 0.2 |
BMI (pre pregnancy) kg/m2 | 24.6 ± 4.8 (23) | 23.3 ± 3.5 (23) | 25.4 ± 5.6 (24) | 23.5 ± 4.1 (23) | 0.09 |
Weight gain, kg | 12.2 ± 5.7 (12) | 13.0 ± 5.6 (13) | 12.5 ± 5.1 (12) | 13.6 ± 5.1 (13) | 0.5 |
Cervical dilatation, cm | 3.0 ± 0.4 (3) | 2.8 ± 0.4 (3) | 3.0 ± 0.4 (3) | 3.0 ± 1.0 (3) | 0.3 |
Intra-partum fever | 3 (4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.03 |
Antibiotics use | 4 (6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.007 |
Epidural use | 18 (26) | 23 (32) | 18 (25) | 21 (30) | 0.9 |
Fetal scalp pH | 1 (1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.5 |
Vaginal examinations | 6.0 ± 2.8 (5)a | 6.1 ± 2.4 (6)a | 4.8 ± 1.6 (5) | 5.6 ± 2.0 (6) | 0.02 |
Fetal Scalp electrode | 10 (14) | 3 (4) | 12 (17) c | 15 (21) c | 0.02 |
Intra-uterine pressure catheter | 4 (6) | 2 (3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1) | 0.1 |
Time from enrollment until delivery, min | 431 ± 346 (320) | 494 ± 327 (396)a | 312 ± 245 (246) | 498 ± 306 (390)a | 0.001 |
Duration of the first stage of labor, min | 403 ± 327 (273)a | 463 ± 313 (387)a | 283 ± 233 (222) | 460 ± 285 (371)a | 0.001 |
Time from enrollment until the beginning of the active phase, min | 284 ± 296 (180)a | 361 ± 303 (278)a | 183 ± 222 (109) | 333 ± 270 (265)a | 0.001 |
Duration of the active phase, min | 118 ± 115 (85) | 103 ± 89 (78) | 101 ± 65 (89) | 127 ± 96 (101) | 0.3 |
Duration of the second stage, min | 32 ± 51 (10) | 31 ± 46 (10) | 28 ± 41 (10) | 38 ± 54 (12) | 0.7 |
Delivery mode | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.8 |
Spontaneous vaginal | 65 (93) | 68 (94) | 66 (93) | 68 (97) | ---- |
Vacuum | 3 (4) | 2 (3) | 4 (6) | 1 (1) | ------ |
Cesarean | 2 (3) | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0.9 |
Vacuum or cesarean | 5 (7) | 4 (6) | 5 (7) | 2 (3) | 0.6 |
Early post partum hemorrhage | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4) | 3 (4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.09 |
Anal sphincter tear | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1.0 |
Post-partum fever | 1 (1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.5 |
Women satisfaction | 4.7 ± 0.6 b | 4.7 ± 0.6b | 4.9 ± 0.5b | 5.0 ± 0.1 | 0.001 |
Birthweight, gr | 3371 ± 424 (3377) | 3386 ± 434 (3350) | 3419 ± 409 (3376) | 3309 ± 385 (3289) | 0.5 |
Apgar score at 5 min | 10.0 ± 0.2 | 10.0 ± 0.3 | 9.9 ± 0.2 | 10.0 ± 0.3 | 0.9 |