Figure 3

Some examples of interactions between genetics and epigenetics. (A) The Ped gene protein product Qa-2 affects the level of an epigenetic element (miR-125a) to participate in the interaction. (B) The LINE-1(L1) retrotransposon expression is precisely regulated by epigenetic mechanisms (negatively by RNAi and positively by demethylation), while its expression and activation can effect gene expression both genetically and epigenetically. When genetically, large and short insertion cause elongation disruption or attenuation. When epigenetically, expression of L1 disrupts or attenuates gene expression without insertion. (C) Ronin (R) binds DNA directly; once bound it recruits HCF-1 (Hc) and other proteins that are related with transcriptional repression or histone modifications, among which are THAP7 (T), sin3A (S) and HDAC3 (Hd), to form a large protein complex and regulate histone modifications (methylation and deacetylation) so as to affect gene expression.