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Table 2 Immunostaining of human term placenta using anti-tTG-positive or -negative sera.

From: Maternal celiac disease autoantibodies bind directly to syncytiotrophoblast and inhibit placental tissue transglutaminase activity

Serum Samples

Anti tTG

Positive Serum

Anti tTG

Negative Serum

Apical syncytial MVM

7/7

2/7 (the other 5 were negative)

Linear proportion stained

22–48%

15–25% **p = 0.0001

Grading of staining

++/+++

+/++

Syncytioplasm

7/7

2/7

Area stained

17–68%

15–25% **p = 0.0001

Grading of staining

+++/++

+/++

  1. Data are given as linear proportion stained (MVM) or area stained (syncytioplasm) with an associated intensity range.