Control of human trophoblast function

Table 1 some of the key factors regulating EVT cell functions

Factors	Source	Effect			Ref.
		Proliferation	Migration	Invasiveness
Adhesion molecules	Trophoblast		↑↓	↑↓	53
Angiopoietins	Decidua, trophoblast		↑		36
Colony Stimulating Factor-1	Placenta, decidua	↑			59
Decorin	Decidua	↓	↓	↓	60
Epidermal Growth Factor	Decidua, trophoblast	↑		↑	61
Endothelin	Placental blood vessels, CT, ST, EVT		↑		62
Hepatocyte Growth Factor	Decidua, trophoblast		↑	↑	63
Insulin-like Growth Factor II	Trophoblast		↑	↑	64,65
Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1	Decidua		↑	↑	64,65
Melanoma Cell Adhesion Molecule	Uterine smooth muscle cells		↓		66
Metalloproteinases	Trophoblast			↑	67
Nodal	Placenta	↓			68
Hypoxia				↑↓	54,55
Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator	Trophoblast		↑	↑	69
Prostaglandin E ₂	Decidua, trophoblast		↑		57
		↓	↓		58
8-iso-PGF _2α	Decidua			↓	70
Placental Growth Factor	Trophoblast	↑			71
TGF-β	Decidua, trophoblast, uNK cells	↓	↓	↓	61,64
TNF-α	Decidua, uNK cells, decidual macrophages		↓		72
VEGF	Decidua, trophoblast	↑			73

ISSN: 1477-7827