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Table 2 Upregulated genes in glandular epithelial cells of eutopic endometrium: endometriosis compared with controls.

From: Laser capture microdissection and cDNA array analysis of endometrium identify CCL16 and CCL21 as epithelial-derived inflammatory mediators associated with endometriosis

Regulated gene for chemokines

Common name

Fold change

Associa-ted with receptors

Functional expression on immune cells

Gene accession

CCL15

HCC2

++

CCR1, CCR3

T-lymphocytes, monocytes

NM_004167

CCL16

HCC4

++

CCR1

Monocytes

NM_004590

CCL18

PARC

++

unknown

T-lymphocytes

NM_002988

CCL19

MIP-3β

++

CCR7

T-cell and B-lymphocytes.

NM_006274

CCL21

6Ckine

++

CCR7

Leukocytes, endothelial cells

NM_002989

CCL22

MDC

2.2 (1.6, 2.9)

CCR4

Leukocytes, natural killer cells

NM_002990

CCL23

MPIF-1

++

CCR1

T-cell lymphocytes, Monocytes, Neutrophils

NM_001295

CXCL5

ENA-78

2.1 (1.5, 2.6)

CXCR2

Works in conjunction with IL8 to activate neutrophils

NM_002994

CXCL8

IL8

2.2 (1.5, 2.5)

CXCR2

T-cell lymphocyte and neutrophil chemoattractant

NM_000584

CXCL10

I-P10

++

CXCR3

Monocytes, natural killer cells, T-cell lymphocytes

NM_001565

CXCL13

BCA-1

3.0 (1.9, 3.7)

CXCR5

B- and T-cell lymphocytes

NM_006419

XCL1

lymphotactin

++

XCR1

B- and T-cell lymphocytes

NM_005283

XCL2

SCM-1β

++

XCR1

T-cell lymphocytes

NM_003175

CX3CL1

Fractalkine

16.4 (2.2, 30.6)

CX3CR1

T cells, monocytes

NM_002996

Receptors

  

Ligand

  

CCR1/CD234

Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC)

2.2 (1.5, 2.6)

CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL8

Erythrocytes, leukocytes, Endothelial cells

NM_002036

CCR10

GPR2

++

CCL27

T-cells

NM_016602

CXCR2

IL-8Rβ

++

CXCL8

Neutrophils

NM_001557

CXCR4

fusin

++

CXCL12

T-and B-cell lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages

NM_003467

CXCR5

BLR1

2.5 (2, 2.8)

CXCL13

B- and T-cell lymphocytes

NM_001716

CXCR6

TYMSTR

5.8 (4.1, 7.5)

CXCL16

T-cell lymphocytes

NM_006564

XCR1

GPR55

++

XCL1 XCL2

T cells, mast cells, monocytes, macrophages

NM_005283

LTB4R*

GPR16

1.9 (1.4, 42.2)

leukotriene B4 (LTB4)

Neutrophils

NM_181657

  1. ++ Fold upregulation > 20 fold; in most cases cDNA hybridization signal was undetectable in control arrays but clearly detectable in endometriosis arrays. Where difference in expression was quantifiable and variable between the 2 arrays, fold change is presented in parentheses.
  2. *not a chemokine receptor, is a potent chemoattractant and survival factor for neutrophilic polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes (59, 60)